docker 圖像中的 open-cv 安裝在樹莓派上不起作用
[英]open-cv installation in docker image does not work on raspberry pi
問題描述
我創建了帶有一些依賴項的 python 項目，其中包括 open-cv。 現在我想在 docker 圖像中部署我的項目。 為此，我在本地機器上創建了以下構建文件（運行 Ubuntu 22.04）：
# syntax=docker/dockerfile:1
FROM python:3.8-slim-buster
WORKDIR /app
COPY requirements.txt .
COPY main.py .
RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get install ffmpeg libsm6 libxext6 -y
RUN pip3 install -r requirements.txt
CMD python3 main.py
這些都是我的要求：
numpy==1.23.4
opencv-python==4.6.0.66
matplotlib==3.6.1
Pillow==9.3.0
XlsxWriter==3.0.3
keyboard==0.13.5
在我的機器上構建圖像時使用
docker build --rm -t dockerfile:latest .
一切正常。 圖像已構建，我可以按照自己的意願使用它。
現在我想在樹莓派上構建圖像（運行 Raspbian GNU/Linux 11 (bullseye)）。 我也用FROM arm32v7/python:3.8-slim-buster嘗試過這個，產生了相同的結果。 構建失敗並顯示一條很長的錯誤消息：
Installing build dependencies: started
Installing build dependencies: finished with status 'error'
error: subprocess-exited-with-error
× pip subprocess to install build dependencies did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> [377 lines of output]
Ignoring numpy: markers 'python_version == "3.6" and platform_machine != "aarch64" and platform_machine != "arm64"' don't match your environment
Ignoring numpy: markers 'python_version == "3.7" and platform_machine != "aarch64" and platform_machine != "arm64"' don't match your environment
Ignoring numpy: markers 'python_version <= "3.9" and sys_platform == "linux" and platform_machine == "aarch64"' don't match your environment
Ignoring numpy: markers 'python_version <= "3.9" and sys_platform == "darwin" and platform_machine == "arm64"' don't match your environment
Ignoring numpy: markers 'python_version == "3.9" and platform_machine != "aarch64" and platform_machine != "arm64"' don't match your environment
Ignoring numpy: markers 'python_version >= "3.10"' don't match your environment
Collecting setuptools==59.2.0
Using cached setuptools-59.2.0-py3-none-any.whl (952 kB)
Collecting wheel==0.37.0
Using cached wheel-0.37.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (35 kB)
Collecting cmake>=3.1
Downloading cmake-3.25.0.tar.gz (33 kB)
Installing build dependencies: started
Installing build dependencies: finished with status 'done'
Getting requirements to build wheel: started
Getting requirements to build wheel: finished with status 'done'
Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): started
Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): finished with status 'done'
Collecting pip
Downloading pip-22.3.1-py3-none-any.whl (2.1 MB)
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 2.1/2.1 MB 2.2 MB/s eta 0:00:00
Collecting scikit-build>=0.13.2
Using cached scikit_build-0.16.2-py3-none-any.whl (78 kB)
Collecting numpy==1.17.3
Downloading numpy-1.17.3.zip (6.4 MB)
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 6.4/6.4 MB 2.6 MB/s eta 0:00:00
Preparing metadata (setup.py): started
Preparing metadata (setup.py): finished with status 'done'
Collecting distro
Using cached distro-1.8.0-py3-none-any.whl (20 kB)
Collecting packaging
Using cached packaging-21.3-py3-none-any.whl (40 kB)
Collecting pyparsing!=3.0.5,>=2.0.2
Using cached pyparsing-3.0.9-py3-none-any.whl (98 kB)
Building wheels for collected packages: numpy, cmake
Building wheel for numpy (setup.py): started
Building wheel for numpy (setup.py): finished with status 'error'
error: subprocess-exited-with-error
× python setup.py bdist_wheel did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> [263 lines of output]
Running from numpy source directory.
blas_opt_info:
blas_mkl_info:
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries mkl_rt not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib']
NOT AVAILABLE
blis_info:
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries blis not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib']
NOT AVAILABLE
openblas_info:
customize UnixCCompiler
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries openblas not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib']
NOT AVAILABLE
atlas_3_10_blas_threads_info:
Setting PTATLAS=ATLAS
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries tatlas not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib']
NOT AVAILABLE
atlas_3_10_blas_info:
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries satlas not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib']
NOT AVAILABLE
atlas_blas_threads_info:
Setting PTATLAS=ATLAS
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries ptf77blas,ptcblas,atlas not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib']
NOT AVAILABLE
atlas_blas_info:
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries f77blas,cblas,atlas not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib']
NOT AVAILABLE
accelerate_info:
NOT AVAILABLE
/tmp/pip-install-b1zdl1d3/numpy_c51059096ab144ca9ad2b38cd023e512/numpy/distutils/system_info.py:690: UserWarning:
Optimized (vendor) Blas libraries are not found.
Falls back to netlib Blas library which has worse performance.
A better performance should be easily gained by switching
Blas library.
self.calc_info()
blas_info:
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries blas not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib']
NOT AVAILABLE
/tmp/pip-install-b1zdl1d3/numpy_c51059096ab144ca9ad2b38cd023e512/numpy/distutils/system_info.py:690: UserWarning:
Blas (http://www.netlib.org/blas/) libraries not found.
Directories to search for the libraries can be specified in the
numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [blas]) or by setting
the BLAS environment variable.
self.calc_info()
blas_src_info:
NOT AVAILABLE
/tmp/pip-install-b1zdl1d3/numpy_c51059096ab144ca9ad2b38cd023e512/numpy/distutils/system_info.py:690: UserWarning:
Blas (http://www.netlib.org/blas/) sources not found.
Directories to search for the sources can be specified in the
numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [blas_src]) or by setting
the BLAS_SRC environment variable.
self.calc_info()
NOT AVAILABLE
/bin/sh: 1: svnversion: not found
non-existing path in 'numpy/distutils': 'site.cfg'
lapack_opt_info:
lapack_mkl_info:
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries mkl_rt not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib']
NOT AVAILABLE
openblas_lapack_info:
customize UnixCCompiler
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries openblas not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib']
NOT AVAILABLE
openblas_clapack_info:
customize UnixCCompiler
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries openblas,lapack not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib']
NOT AVAILABLE
flame_info:
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries flame not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib']
NOT AVAILABLE
atlas_3_10_threads_info:
Setting PTATLAS=ATLAS
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/local/lib
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries tatlas,tatlas not found in /usr/local/lib
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/lib
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries tatlas,tatlas not found in /usr/lib
<class 'numpy.distutils.system_info.atlas_3_10_threads_info'>
NOT AVAILABLE
atlas_3_10_info:
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/local/lib
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries satlas,satlas not found in /usr/local/lib
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/lib
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries satlas,satlas not found in /usr/lib
<class 'numpy.distutils.system_info.atlas_3_10_info'>
NOT AVAILABLE
atlas_threads_info:
Setting PTATLAS=ATLAS
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/local/lib
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries ptf77blas,ptcblas,atlas not found in /usr/local/lib
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/lib
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries ptf77blas,ptcblas,atlas not found in /usr/lib
<class 'numpy.distutils.system_info.atlas_threads_info'>
NOT AVAILABLE
atlas_info:
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/local/lib
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries f77blas,cblas,atlas not found in /usr/local/lib
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/lib
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries f77blas,cblas,atlas not found in /usr/lib
<class 'numpy.distutils.system_info.atlas_info'>
NOT AVAILABLE
lapack_info:
customize UnixCCompiler
libraries lapack not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib']
NOT AVAILABLE
/tmp/pip-install-b1zdl1d3/numpy_c51059096ab144ca9ad2b38cd023e512/numpy/distutils/system_info.py:1712: UserWarning:
Lapack (http://www.netlib.org/lapack/) libraries not found.
Directories to search for the libraries can be specified in the
numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [lapack]) or by setting
the LAPACK environment variable.
if getattr(self, '_calc_info_{}'.format(lapack))():
lapack_src_info:
NOT AVAILABLE
/tmp/pip-install-b1zdl1d3/numpy_c51059096ab144ca9ad2b38cd023e512/numpy/distutils/system_info.py:1712: UserWarning:
Lapack (http://www.netlib.org/lapack/) sources not found.
Directories to search for the sources can be specified in the
numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [lapack_src]) or by setting
the LAPACK_SRC environment variable.
if getattr(self, '_calc_info_{}'.format(lapack))():
NOT AVAILABLE
/usr/local/lib/python3.8/distutils/dist.py:274: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'define_macros'
warnings.warn(msg)
running bdist_wheel
running build
running config_cc
unifing config_cc, config, build_clib, build_ext, build commands --compiler options
running config_fc
unifing config_fc, config, build_clib, build_ext, build commands --fcompiler options
running build_src
build_src
building py_modules sources
creating build
creating build/src.linux-armv7l-3.8
creating build/src.linux-armv7l-3.8/numpy
creating build/src.linux-armv7l-3.8/numpy/distutils
building library "npymath" sources
get_default_fcompiler: matching types: '['gnu95', 'intel', 'lahey', 'pg', 'absoft', 'nag', 'vast', 'compaq', 'intele', 'intelem', 'gnu', 'g95', 'pathf95', 'nagfor']'
customize Gnu95FCompiler
Could not locate executable gfortran
Could not locate executable f95
customize IntelFCompiler
Could not locate executable ifort
Could not locate executable ifc
customize LaheyFCompiler
Could not locate executable lf95
customize PGroupFCompiler
Could not locate executable pgfortran
customize AbsoftFCompiler
Could not locate executable f90
Could not locate executable f77
customize NAGFCompiler
customize VastFCompiler
customize CompaqFCompiler
Could not locate executable fort
customize IntelItaniumFCompiler
Could not locate executable efort
Could not locate executable efc
customize IntelEM64TFCompiler
customize GnuFCompiler
Could not locate executable g77
customize G95FCompiler
Could not locate executable g95
customize PathScaleFCompiler
Could not locate executable pathf95
customize NAGFORCompiler
Could not locate executable nagfor
don't know how to compile Fortran code on platform 'posix'
C compiler: gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -fPIC
compile options: '-Inumpy/core/src/common -Inumpy/core/src -Inumpy/core -Inumpy/core/src/npymath -Inumpy/core/src/multiarray -Inumpy/core/src/umath -Inumpy/core/src/npysort -I/usr/local/include/python3.8 -c'
gcc: _configtest.c
failure.
removing: _configtest.c _configtest.o
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 2, in <module>
File "<pip-setuptools-caller>", line 34, in <module>
File "/tmp/pip-install-b1zdl1d3/numpy_c51059096ab144ca9ad2b38cd023e512/setup.py", line 443, in <module>
setup_package()
File "/tmp/pip-install-b1zdl1d3/numpy_c51059096ab144ca9ad2b38cd023e512/setup.py", line 435, in setup_package
setup(**metadata)
File "/tmp/pip-install-b1zdl1d3/numpy_c51059096ab144ca9ad2b38cd023e512/numpy/distutils/core.py", line 171, in setup
return old_setup(**new_attr)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 153, in setup
return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup
dist.run_commands()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/distutils/dist.py", line 966, in run_commands
self.run_command(cmd)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/wheel/bdist_wheel.py", line 325, in run
self.run_command("build")
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/tmp/pip-install-b1zdl1d3/numpy_c51059096ab144ca9ad2b38cd023e512/numpy/distutils/command/build.py", line 47, in run
old_build.run(self)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/distutils/command/build.py", line 135, in run
self.run_command(cmd_name)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/tmp/pip-install-b1zdl1d3/numpy_c51059096ab144ca9ad2b38cd023e512/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 142, in run
self.build_sources()
File "/tmp/pip-install-b1zdl1d3/numpy_c51059096ab144ca9ad2b38cd023e512/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 153, in build_sources
self.build_library_sources(*libname_info)
File "/tmp/pip-install-b1zdl1d3/numpy_c51059096ab144ca9ad2b38cd023e512/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 286, in build_library_sources
sources = self.generate_sources(sources, (lib_name, build_info))
File "/tmp/pip-install-b1zdl1d3/numpy_c51059096ab144ca9ad2b38cd023e512/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 369, in generate_sources
source = func(extension, build_dir)
File "numpy/core/setup.py", line 669, in get_mathlib_info
raise RuntimeError("Broken toolchain: cannot link a simple C program")
RuntimeError: Broken toolchain: cannot link a simple C program
[end of output]
note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
ERROR: Failed building wheel for numpy
Running setup.py clean for numpy
error: subprocess-exited-with-error
× python setup.py clean did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> [10 lines of output]
Running from numpy source directory.
`setup.py clean` is not supported, use one of the following instead:
- `git clean -xdf` (cleans all files)
- `git clean -Xdf` (cleans all versioned files, doesn't touch
files that aren't checked into the git repo)
Add `--force` to your command to use it anyway if you must (unsupported).
[end of output]
note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
ERROR: Failed cleaning build dir for numpy
Building wheel for cmake (pyproject.toml): started
Building wheel for cmake (pyproject.toml): finished with status 'error'
error: subprocess-exited-with-error
× Building wheel for cmake (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> [33 lines of output]
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/tmp/pip-build-env-q0a3b44q/overlay/lib/python3.8/site-packages/skbuild/setuptools_wrap.py", line 612, in setup
cmkr = cmaker.CMaker(cmake_executable)
File "/tmp/pip-build-env-q0a3b44q/overlay/lib/python3.8/site-packages/skbuild/cmaker.py", line 148, in __init__
self.cmake_version = get_cmake_version(self.cmake_executable)
File "/tmp/pip-build-env-q0a3b44q/overlay/lib/python3.8/site-packages/skbuild/cmaker.py", line 103, in get_cmake_version
raise SKBuildError(
=============================DEBUG ASSISTANCE=============================
If you are seeing a compilation error please try the following steps to
successfully install cmake:
1) Upgrade to the latest pip and try again. This will fix errors for most
users. See: https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/installing/#upgrading-pip
2) If on Linux, with glibc < 2.12, you can set PIP_ONLY_BINARY=cmake in
order to retrieve the last manylinux1 compatible wheel.
3) If on Linux, with glibc < 2.12, you can cap "cmake<3.23" in your
requirements in order to retrieve the last manylinux1 compatible wheel.
4) Open an issue with the debug information that follows at
https://github.com/scikit-build/cmake-python-distributions/issues
Python: 3.8.15
platform: Linux-5.15.32-v7l+-armv7l-with-glibc2.4
glibc: glibc 2.28
machine: armv7l
bits: 32
pip: n/a
setuptools: 65.6.3
scikit-build: 0.16.2
PEP517_BUILD_BACKEND=setuptools.build_meta
=============================DEBUG ASSISTANCE=============================
Problem with the CMake installation, aborting build. CMake executable is cmake
[end of output]
note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
ERROR: Failed building wheel for cmake
Failed to build numpy cmake
ERROR: Could not build wheels for cmake, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects
WARNING: You are using pip version 22.0.4; however, version 22.3.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the '/usr/local/bin/python -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.
[end of output]
note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: subprocess-exited-with-error
× pip subprocess to install build dependencies did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> See above for output.
note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
WARNING: You are using pip version 22.0.4; however, version 22.3.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the '/usr/local/bin/python -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.
我試圖將我的圖像基於其他圖像：
-
FROM ubuntu:22:04（另外安裝 python 和 pip） -
FROM python:3.9 -
FROM python:3.8-bullseye
我也試過其他 python 版本。 那些沒有給出錯誤，但是在安裝 open-cv 時，它說
Installing build dependencies: started
Installing build dependencies: still running...
同時重復后者（似乎沒完沒了，我讓它運行了大約 15 分鍾，沒有任何變化）。
我還嘗試添加以下內容（在研究 stackoverflow 之后）：
RUN apt-get install lbhdf5-dev libhdf5-serial-dev libatlas-base-dev -y
沒有任何結果。
我還嘗試在我的本地機器上構建圖像並將其加載到樹莓派上，在運行容器時產生以下錯誤消息：
The requested image's platform (linux/amd64) does not match the detected host platform (linux/arm/v7) and no specific platform was requested
exec /bin/sh: exec format error
在此先感謝您的幫助。
1 個解決方案
解決方案1
0 已采納 2022-12-01 17:04:06
我通過將 Raspberry Pi 更新為 64 位安裝解決了這個問題。
使用樹莓派，Pi相機，Python和Open Cv進行人臉識別
[英]Face recognition using raspberry pi, pi camera,python and Open Cv
為什么 python 上的這個面部檢測代碼在樹莓派上使用 open cv 輸出一個空白屏幕？
[英]Why does this Facial detection code on python using open cv on raspberry pi outputs a blank screen?
Python-如何使用Open-CV或PIL將24位PNG圖像轉換為32位
[英]Python - how to convert a 24-bit PNG image to 32-bit using Open-cv or PIL
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