根據字符串列表查找出現在一列中但在另一列中缺失的字符串

Question

我有一個 df，數據：

data = data.frame("text" = c("John met Jay who met Jack who met Josh who met Jamie", "John and Jay and Jack and Josh and Jamie"), 
"names.in.text" = c("Jay; Jack; Josh; Jamie", "John; Jack; Josh; Jamie"), 
"missing.names" = c("",""))

> data
                                    text             names.in.text            missing.names
1 John met Jay who met Jack who met Josh who met Jamie  Jay; Jack; Josh; Jamie              
2             John and Jay and Jack and Josh and Jamie John; Jack; Josh; Jamie     

     

和第二個 df 的名字：

names = data.frame("names" = c("John", "Jay", "Jack", "Josh", "Jamie"))
> names
  names
1  John
2   Jay
3  Jack
4  Josh
5 Jamie

我試圖找出 data$names.in.text 是否包含 data$text 中包含的所有名稱。 名字的世界在名字$名字中。 理想情況下，對於每一行 data$missing，我想知道 data$names.in.text 中缺少哪些 names$names：

                                                  text           names.in.text missing.names
1 John met Jay who met Jack who met Josh who met Jamie  Jay; Jack; Josh; Jamie          John
2             John and Jay and Jack and Josh and Jamie John; Jack; Josh; Jamie           Jay

或者任何其他可以輕松告訴我文本中有哪些名稱但 names.in.text 中缺少的配置

所以本質上我是在尋找哪些名稱$名稱包含在數據$文本中但不包含在數據$名稱.in.文本中，然后在數據$缺失.名稱中列出這些名稱。

Answer 1

一個tidyverse的解決方案：

library(tidyverse)

data %>%
  mutate(missing.names = map2_chr(text, str_split(names.in.text, '; '),
                                  ~ str_c(str_extract_all(.x, regex(str_c(setdiff(names$names, .y), collapse = '|')))[[1]], collapse = '; ')))

# # A tibble: 2 × 3
#   text                                                 names.in.text           missing.names
#   <chr>                                                <chr>                   <chr>        
# 1 John met Jay who met Jack who met Josh who met Jamie Jay; Jack; Josh; Jamie  John         
# 2 John and Jay and Jack and Josh and Jamie             John; Jack; Josh; Jamie Jay

Answer 2

使用apply / sapply的基本 R方法。 我用“JJ”擴展了第一個文本和名字，以顯示缺少的多個名字。

data$missing.names <- apply(sapply(names$names, function(nms) 
  grepl(paste0("\\b",nms,"\\b"), data$text) & 
    !grepl(nms, data$names.in.text)), 1, function(x) 
  paste(names$names[x], collapse=", "))

data
                                                     text
1 John met Jay who met Jack who met Josh who met Jamie JJ
2                John and Jay and Jack and Josh and Jamie
            names.in.text missing.names
1  Jay; Jack; Josh; Jamie      John, JJ
2 John; Jack; Josh; Jamie           Jay

數據

data <- structure(list(text = c("John met Jay who met Jack who met Josh who met Jamie JJ", 
"John and Jay and Jack and Josh and Jamie"), names.in.text = c("Jay; Jack; Josh; Jamie", 
"John; Jack; Josh; Jamie")), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, 
-2L))

names <- structure(list(names = c("John", "Jay", "Jack", "Josh", "Jamie", 
"JJ")), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -6L))