Where子句中的未知列

Question

為什么MySQL聲稱找不到列？ 我確實在'select子句'中指定了它。

MySQL 5.1.39

錯誤代碼： 1054'where子句'中的未知列' dt '

查詢：

-- Generate a Table for Every Day in 2008 Year
SELECT DATE_ADD('2008-01-01',
            INTERVAL (ones.num + tens.num + hundreds.num) DAY) dt
FROM
    (SELECT 0 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 1 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 2 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 3 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 4 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 5 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 6 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 7 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 8 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 9 num) ones
CROSS JOIN
    (SELECT 0 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 10 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 20 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 30 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 40 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 50 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 60 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 70 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 80 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 90 num) tens
CROSS JOIN
    (SELECT 0 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 100 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 200 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 300 num) hundreds
WHERE YEAR(dt) < 2009
ORDER BY dt;

Answer 1

您必須在HAVING子句中引用列別名。 在處理查詢之后，在結果集上執行HAVING條件，而不是作為初始查詢執行的一部分的WHERE子句。 因此， HAVING能夠對列別名進行操作，這些列別名僅在結果集中可用。

-- Generate a Table for Every Day in 2008 Year
SELECT DATE_ADD('2008-01-01',
            INTERVAL (ones.num + tens.num + hundreds.num) DAY) dt
FROM
    (SELECT 0 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 1 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 2 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 3 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 4 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 5 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 6 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 7 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 8 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 9 num) ones
CROSS JOIN
    (SELECT 0 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 10 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 20 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 30 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 40 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 50 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 60 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 70 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 80 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 90 num) tens
CROSS JOIN
    (SELECT 0 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 100 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 200 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 300 num) hundreds
HAVING YEAR(dt) < 2009
ORDER BY dt;

Answer 2

沒有group by是特定於mysql的。 你也可以嘗試這樣的事情：

select * from (
SELECT DATE_ADD('2008-01-01',
      INTERVAL (ones.num + tens.num + hundreds.num) DAY) dt
FROM
    (SELECT 0 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 1 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 2 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 3 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 4 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 5 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 6 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 7 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 8 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 9 num) ones
CROSS JOIN
    (SELECT 0 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 10 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 20 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 30 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 40 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 50 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 60 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 70 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 80 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 90 num) tens
CROSS JOIN
    (SELECT 0 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 100 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 200 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 300 num) hundreds
dates
where year(dates.dt) < 2009 
ORDER BY dt;

Answer 3

使用這些命名列可能有點棘手，但您可以使用'HAVING'而不是WHERE：

SELECT DATE_ADD('2008-01-01',
      INTERVAL (ones.num + tens.num + hundreds.num) DAY) dt
FROM
    (SELECT 0 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 1 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 2 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 3 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 4 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 5 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 6 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 7 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 8 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 9 num) ones
CROSS JOIN
    (SELECT 0 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 10 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 20 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 30 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 40 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 50 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 60 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 70 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 80 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 90 num) tens
CROSS JOIN
    (SELECT 0 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 100 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 200 num UNION ALL
     SELECT 300 num) hundreds
HAVING YEAR(dt) < 2009
ORDER BY dt;