[英]Ms Access Query: Concatenating Rows through a query
Suppose I have table in Ms Access with following information: 假设我在Ms Access中有一个表,其中包含以下信息:
ColumnA ColumnB
1 abc
1 pqr
1 xyz
2 efg
2 hij
3 asd
My question is, how can I concatenate the values in the second column to a row value based on the first column. 我的问题是,如何将第二列中的值连接到基于第一列的行值。 The query results that I want is as follows:
我想要的查询结果如下:
ColumnA ColumnB
1 abc, pqr, xyz
2 efg, hij
3 asd
I want to achieve this through a query. 我想通过查询来实现这一点。 Can someone help me attain this?
有人能帮助我实现这个目标吗?
You need a function to do the concatenation. 您需要一个函数来进行连接。
Microsoft Access condense multiple lines in a table Microsoft Access压缩表中的多行
Example using your data: 使用您的数据的示例:
Select T.ColumnA
, GetList("Select ColumnB From Table1 As T1 Where T1.ColumnA = " & [T].[ColumnA],"",", ") AS ColumnBItems
From Table1 AS T
Group By T.ColumnA;
Here's an outstanding link re: how to do this from within SQL by calling a function. 这是一个很好的链接:如何通过调用函数从SQL中执行此操作。 The instructions are exceptionally clear & the function is written for you so you can just copy, paste & go.
说明非常清楚,函数是为您编写的,因此您只需复制,粘贴和运行即可。 Even someone with no knowledge of VB can easily implement it: Concatenate values from related records
即使是不了解VB的人也可以轻松实现它: 从相关记录中连接值
this can be very difficult to obtain. 这可能很难获得。 If you MUST do it in a query and not a function, the problem that you will run into is the limit of the number of rows you can concatenate into one column.
如果必须在查询而不是函数中执行,那么您将遇到的问题是可以连接到一列的行数限制。 So far the only way that i have found to achieve this is via iif statements.
到目前为止,我发现实现这一目标的唯一方法是通过iif语句。
SELECT
test1.ColumnA AS ColumnA,
First([test1].[ColumnB]) & IIf(Count([test1].[ColumnB])>1,"," & Last([test1].[ColumnB])) AS ColumnB
FROM test1
GROUP BY test1.ColumnA;
returns: 收益:
ColumnA ColumnB
1 abc,xyz
2 efg,hij
3 asd
This will return the first and the last only, but I'm sure with a little work you could work out the Choose function, but like I said you would have to add more iif statements for each additional item you want to add, hence the limitation. 这将返回第一个和最后一个,但我确信只需一点工作就可以解决选择功能,但就像我说的那样你必须为你想要添加的每个附加项添加更多的iif语句,因此局限性。
The table could have a sequence column, which gives it a unique primary key of ColumnA-sequence: 该表可以有一个序列列,它为ColumnA序列提供唯一的主键:
table: t1
ColumnA sequence ColumnB
1 1 abc
1 2 pqr
1 3 xyz
2 1 efg
2 2 hij
3 1 asd
And a Crosstab could be created: 并且可以创建交叉表:
query: x1
TRANSFORM Min([columnB] & ", ") AS Expr1
SELECT t1.columnA
FROM t1
GROUP BY t1.columnA
PIVOT t1.sequence;
columnA 1 2 3
1 abc, pqr, xyz,
2 efg, hij,
3 asd,
Then a final query can combine the columns and remove the last comma: 然后最终查询可以组合列并删除最后一个逗号:
SELECT x1.columnA, Left([1] & [2] & [3],Len([1] & [2] & [3])-2) AS columnB FROM x1;
columnA columnB
1 abc, pqr, xyz
2 efg, hij
3 asd
To automate filling in the sequence, the following VBA code can be used: 要自动填充序列,可以使用以下VBA代码:
Sub fill_sequence_t1()
Dim i: i = 1
Do While DCount("*", "t1", "sequence IS NULL") > 0
DoCmd.RunSQL "SELECT t1.columnA, Min(t1.columnB) AS columnB_min INTO t2" & _
" FROM t1 WHERE t1.sequence IS NULL GROUP BY t1.columnA;"
DoCmd.RunSQL "UPDATE t1 INNER JOIN t2 ON (t1.columnA = t2.columnA)" & _
" AND (t1.columnB = t2.columnB_min) SET t1.sequence=" & i
CurrentDb.TableDefs.Delete "t2"
i = i + 1
Loop
End Sub
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