Im writing a class in python called Circle. Now as part of the class I want to define methods so I did but when I run the program it crashes and says they are not defined. I cant find the problem.
class Circle():
""" Holds data on a circle in the plane """
def __init__(self,*args):
if isinstance(args[0],Point) and isinstance(args[1],(float,int)):
assert args[1]>0
self.center= args[0]
self.r= args[1]
else:
assert args[2]>0
self.a=args[0]
self.b=args[1]
self.center= Point(self.a,self.b)
self.r= args[2]
def __mul__(self,other):
assert isinstance(other,(float,int))
assert other>0
return Circle(self.center,self.r*other)
__rmul__= __mul__
def area(self):
return math.pi*self.r**2
def circumference(self):
return 2*self.r*math.pi
def move(self,p):
assert isinstance(p,Point)
self.center= p
return None
I wrote a class for Point aswell, so thats not the problem. This is what happens when I run the porgram:
>>> a=Circle(-3,-3,1)
>>> area(a)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#4>", line 1, in <module>
area(a)
NameError: name 'area' is not defined
Edit : as @jsbueno points out, this was not the error causing your error message: Your indentation is off ( def __mul__
should be 1 space to the left), therefore Python thinks you have ended your class definition and are simply defining some more functions (not class methods).
Also, you should call area
as a method - a.area()
, not area(a)
.
I've done a bit of reworking - added some comments, renamed some variables, generally cleaned up - this now works properly:
from math import pi
class Point:
def __init__(self, x, y):
self.x = x
self.y = y
class Circle:
"""
Holds data on a circle in the plane
"""
def __init__(self, a, b, c=None):
if c is None:
# Circle(Point, scalar)
self.center = a
self.r = b
else:
# Circle(scalar, scalar, scalar)
self.center = Point(a, b)
self.r = c
@property
def r(self):
return self._r
@r.setter
def r(self, new_r):
assert new_r > 0
self._r = new_r
def __mul__(self, scale_by):
return Circle(self.center, self.r * scale_by)
__rmul__ = __mul__
def area(self):
return pi * self.r**2
def circumference(self):
return 2 * pi * self.r
def move(self, new_center):
self.center = new_center
then
a = Circle(-3,-3,1)
print(a.area())
gives
3.141592653589793
which is correct.
The methods in a class are available to the instance, but they have to be called as components of the instance with the "." operator.
So, in your example, you should use
a = Circle()
a.area()
and not
area(a)
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