Foreign key doesn't have a default value

Question

this is my User.java

@Entity
@Table(name = "user")
public class User implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    @Column(name = "ID")
    private int id;

    @Column(name = "FIRST_NAME")
    private String firstName;

    @Column(name = "LAST_NAME")
    private String lastName;

    @Column(name = "EMAIL")
    private String email;

    @OneToMany(cascade={CascadeType.ALL})
    @JoinColumn(name="USER_ID")
    private Collection<Address> addresses;
}

and this is my Address.java

@Entity
@Table(name = "address")
public class Address implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    @Column(name = "ID")
    private int id;

    @Column(name = "TOWN")
    private String town;

    @Column(name = "DISTRICT")
    private String district;

    @Column(name = "COUNTRY")
    private String country;

    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name = "USER_ID", insertable=false, updatable=false, nullable=false)
    private User user;    
}

but while I'm trying to persist the object I'm getting this exception

javax.servlet.ServletException: javax.persistence.PersistenceException: org.hibernate.exception.GenericJDBCException: could not insert: [com.kpowd.model.Address]
    javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet.service(FacesServlet.java:658)
root cause

javax.faces.el.EvaluationException: javax.persistence.PersistenceException: org.hibernate.exception.GenericJDBCException: could not insert: [com.kpowd.model.Address]
    javax.faces.component.MethodBindingMethodExpressionAdapter.invoke(MethodBindingMethodExpressionAdapter.java:101)
    com.sun.faces.application.ActionListenerImpl.processAction(ActionListenerImpl.java:101)
    javax.faces.component.UICommand.broadcast(UICommand.java:315)
    javax.faces.component.UIViewRoot.broadcastEvents(UIViewRoot.java:798)
    javax.faces.component.UIViewRoot.processApplication(UIViewRoot.java:1331)
    com.sun.faces.lifecycle.InvokeApplicationPhase.execute(InvokeApplicationPhase.java:81)
    com.sun.faces.lifecycle.Phase.doPhase(Phase.java:101)
    com.sun.faces.lifecycle.LifecycleImpl.execute(LifecycleImpl.java:181)
    javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet.service(FacesServlet.java:645)
root cause

javax.persistence.PersistenceException: org.hibernate.exception.GenericJDBCException: could not insert: [com.kpowd.model.Address]
    org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.convert(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:1387)
    org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.convert(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:1315)
    org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.convert(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:1321)
    org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.persist(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:843)
    sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
    org.springframework.orm.jpa.SharedEntityManagerCreator$SharedEntityManagerInvocationHandler.invoke(SharedEntityManagerCreator.java:240)
    com.sun.proxy.$Proxy19.persist(Unknown Source)
    com.kpowd.dao.basedao.GenericDaoImpl.create(GenericDaoImpl.java:47)
    com.kpowd.service.impl.UserServiceImpl.registerUser(UserServiceImpl.java:34)
    sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
    org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(AopUtils.java:317)
    org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:183)
    org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:150)
    org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:110)
    org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
    org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:204)
    com.sun.proxy.$Proxy20.registerUser(Unknown Source)
    com.kpowd.controller.UserRegistrationBean.register(UserRegistrationBean.java:80)
    sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
    org.apache.el.parser.AstValue.invoke(AstValue.java:278)
    org.apache.el.MethodExpressionImpl.invoke(MethodExpressionImpl.java:274)
    com.sun.faces.facelets.el.TagMethodExpression.invoke(TagMethodExpression.java:105)
    javax.faces.component.MethodBindingMethodExpressionAdapter.invoke(MethodBindingMethodExpressionAdapter.java:87)
    com.sun.faces.application.ActionListenerImpl.processAction(ActionListenerImpl.java:101)
    javax.faces.component.UICommand.broadcast(UICommand.java:315)
    javax.faces.component.UIViewRoot.broadcastEvents(UIViewRoot.java:798)
    javax.faces.component.UIViewRoot.processApplication(UIViewRoot.java:1331)
    com.sun.faces.lifecycle.InvokeApplicationPhase.execute(InvokeApplicationPhase.java:81)
    com.sun.faces.lifecycle.Phase.doPhase(Phase.java:101)
    com.sun.faces.lifecycle.LifecycleImpl.execute(LifecycleImpl.java:181)
    javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet.service(FacesServlet.java:645)
root cause

org.hibernate.exception.GenericJDBCException: could not insert: [com.kpowd.model.Address]
    org.hibernate.exception.SQLStateConverter.handledNonSpecificException(SQLStateConverter.java:140)
    org.hibernate.exception.SQLStateConverter.convert(SQLStateConverter.java:128)
    org.hibernate.exception.JDBCExceptionHelper.convert(JDBCExceptionHelper.java:66)
    org.hibernate.id.insert.AbstractReturningDelegate.performInsert(AbstractReturningDelegate.java:64)
    org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.insert(AbstractEntityPersister.java:2345)
    org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.insert(AbstractEntityPersister.java:2852)
    org.hibernate.action.EntityIdentityInsertAction.execute(EntityIdentityInsertAction.java:71)
    org.hibernate.engine.ActionQueue.execute(ActionQueue.java:273)
    org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractSaveEventListener.performSaveOrReplicate(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:320)
    org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractSaveEventListener.performSave(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:203)
    org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractSaveEventListener.saveWithGeneratedId(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:129)
    org.hibernate.ejb.event.EJB3PersistEventListener.saveWithGeneratedId(EJB3PersistEventListener.java:69)
    org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultPersistEventListener.entityIsTransient(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:179)
    org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:135)
    org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.firePersist(SessionImpl.java:799)
    org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.persist(SessionImpl.java:791)
    org.hibernate.engine.EJB3CascadingAction$1.cascade(EJB3CascadingAction.java:48)
    org.hibernate.engine.Cascade.cascadeToOne(Cascade.java:392)
    org.hibernate.engine.Cascade.cascadeAssociation(Cascade.java:335)
    org.hibernate.engine.Cascade.cascadeProperty(Cascade.java:204)
    org.hibernate.engine.Cascade.cascadeCollectionElements(Cascade.java:425)
    org.hibernate.engine.Cascade.cascadeCollection(Cascade.java:362)
    org.hibernate.engine.Cascade.cascadeAssociation(Cascade.java:338)
    org.hibernate.engine.Cascade.cascadeProperty(Cascade.java:204)
    org.hibernate.engine.Cascade.cascade(Cascade.java:161)
    org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractSaveEventListener.cascadeAfterSave(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:475)
    org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractSaveEventListener.performSaveOrReplicate(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:353)
    org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractSaveEventListener.performSave(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:203)
    org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractSaveEventListener.saveWithGeneratedId(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:129)
    org.hibernate.ejb.event.EJB3PersistEventListener.saveWithGeneratedId(EJB3PersistEventListener.java:69)
    org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultPersistEventListener.entityIsTransient(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:179)
    org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:135)
    org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:61)
    org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.firePersist(SessionImpl.java:808)
    org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.persist(SessionImpl.java:782)
    org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.persist(SessionImpl.java:786)
    org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.persist(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:837)
    sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
    org.springframework.orm.jpa.SharedEntityManagerCreator$SharedEntityManagerInvocationHandler.invoke(SharedEntityManagerCreator.java:240)
    com.sun.proxy.$Proxy19.persist(Unknown Source)
    com.kpowd.dao.basedao.GenericDaoImpl.create(GenericDaoImpl.java:47)
    com.kpowd.service.impl.UserServiceImpl.registerUser(UserServiceImpl.java:34)
    sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
    org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(AopUtils.java:317)
    org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:183)
    org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:150)
    org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:110)
    org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
    org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:204)
    com.sun.proxy.$Proxy20.registerUser(Unknown Source)
    com.kpowd.controller.UserRegistrationBean.register(UserRegistrationBean.java:80)
    sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
    org.apache.el.parser.AstValue.invoke(AstValue.java:278)
    org.apache.el.MethodExpressionImpl.invoke(MethodExpressionImpl.java:274)
    com.sun.faces.facelets.el.TagMethodExpression.invoke(TagMethodExpression.java:105)
    javax.faces.component.MethodBindingMethodExpressionAdapter.invoke(MethodBindingMethodExpressionAdapter.java:87)
    com.sun.faces.application.ActionListenerImpl.processAction(ActionListenerImpl.java:101)
    javax.faces.component.UICommand.broadcast(UICommand.java:315)
    javax.faces.component.UIViewRoot.broadcastEvents(UIViewRoot.java:798)
    javax.faces.component.UIViewRoot.processApplication(UIViewRoot.java:1331)
    com.sun.faces.lifecycle.InvokeApplicationPhase.execute(InvokeApplicationPhase.java:81)
    com.sun.faces.lifecycle.Phase.doPhase(Phase.java:101)
    com.sun.faces.lifecycle.LifecycleImpl.execute(LifecycleImpl.java:181)
    javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet.service(FacesServlet.java:645)
root cause

java.sql.SQLException: Field 'USER_ID' doesn't have a default value
    com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:1055)
    com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:956)
    com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3558)
    com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3490)
    com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sendCommand(MysqlIO.java:1959)
    com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sqlQueryDirect(MysqlIO.java:2109)
    com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.execSQL(ConnectionImpl.java:2648)
    com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeInternal(PreparedStatement.java:2077)
    com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeUpdate(PreparedStatement.java:2362)
    com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeUpdate(PreparedStatement.java:2280)
    com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeUpdate(PreparedStatement.java:2265)
    org.hibernate.id.IdentityGenerator$GetGeneratedKeysDelegate.executeAndExtract(IdentityGenerator.java:94)
    org.hibernate.id.insert.AbstractReturningDelegate.performInsert(AbstractReturningDelegate.java:57)
    org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.insert(AbstractEntityPersister.java:2345)
    org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.insert(AbstractEntityPersister.java:2852)
    org.hibernate.action.EntityIdentityInsertAction.execute(EntityIdentityInsertAction.java:71)
    org.hibernate.engine.ActionQueue.execute(ActionQueue.java:273)
    org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractSaveEventListener.performSaveOrReplicate(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:320)
    org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractSaveEventListener.performSave(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:203)
    org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractSaveEventListener.saveWithGeneratedId(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:129)
    org.hibernate.ejb.event.EJB3PersistEventListener.saveWithGeneratedId(EJB3PersistEventListener.java:69)
    org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultPersistEventListener.entityIsTransient(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:179)
    org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:135)
    org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.firePersist(SessionImpl.java:799)
    org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.persist(SessionImpl.java:791)
    org.hibernate.engine.EJB3CascadingAction$1.cascade(EJB3CascadingAction.java:48)
    org.hibernate.engine.Cascade.cascadeToOne(Cascade.java:392)
    org.hibernate.engine.Cascade.cascadeAssociation(Cascade.java:335)
    org.hibernate.engine.Cascade.cascadeProperty(Cascade.java:204)
    org.hibernate.engine.Cascade.cascadeCollectionElements(Cascade.java:425)
    org.hibernate.engine.Cascade.cascadeCollection(Cascade.java:362)
    org.hibernate.engine.Cascade.cascadeAssociation(Cascade.java:338)
    org.hibernate.engine.Cascade.cascadeProperty(Cascade.java:204)
    org.hibernate.engine.Cascade.cascade(Cascade.java:161)
    org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractSaveEventListener.cascadeAfterSave(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:475)
    org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractSaveEventListener.performSaveOrReplicate(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:353)
    org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractSaveEventListener.performSave(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:203)
    org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractSaveEventListener.saveWithGeneratedId(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:129)
    org.hibernate.ejb.event.EJB3PersistEventListener.saveWithGeneratedId(EJB3PersistEventListener.java:69)
    org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultPersistEventListener.entityIsTransient(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:179)
    org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:135)
    org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:61)
    org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.firePersist(SessionImpl.java:808)
    org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.persist(SessionImpl.java:782)
    org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.persist(SessionImpl.java:786)
    org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.persist(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:837)
    sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
    org.springframework.orm.jpa.SharedEntityManagerCreator$SharedEntityManagerInvocationHandler.invoke(SharedEntityManagerCreator.java:240)
    com.sun.proxy.$Proxy19.persist(Unknown Source)
    com.kpowd.dao.basedao.GenericDaoImpl.create(GenericDaoImpl.java:47)
    com.kpowd.service.impl.UserServiceImpl.registerUser(UserServiceImpl.java:34)

Error wont come if i remove the "NOTNULL" Constraint from the FORIGN_KEY "USER_ID" but i need to make it as a NOTNULL Column how should i want to do that. please help me??

this is my register methode

public String register() {
        // Output some info     


        Address a = new Address();
        a.setCountry("country1");
        a.setDistrict("district1");
        a.setTown("town");

        Address b = new Address();
        b.setCountry("country2");
        b.setDistrict("district2");
        b.setTown("town2");

        List<Address> adrlist=new ArrayList<Address>();
        adrlist.add(a);
        adrlist.add(b);

        User user = new User();
        user.setFirstName("firstname");
        user.setLastName("lastname");
        user.setEmail("email");
        user.setAddresses(adrlist);


        // Call the business object to register the user
        userService.registerUser(user);

        // Set the message here
        FacesMessage msg = new FacesMessage(FacesMessage.SEVERITY_INFO, "Registration success", "success");  
        FacesContext.getCurrentInstance().addMessage(null, msg);
        System.out.println("befor redirect");
        return "index?faces-redirect=true";
    }

and this is my SQL Script

CREATE DATABASE  IF NOT EXISTS `myshop`;
USE `myshop`;

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;
CREATE TABLE `user` (
  `ID` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `FIRST_NAME` varchar(45) DEFAULT NULL,
  `LAST_NAME` varchar(45) DEFAULT NULL,
  `EMAIL` varchar(45) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`ID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=46 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `address`;
CREATE TABLE `address` (
  `ID` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `TOWN` varchar(45) DEFAULT NULL,
  `DISTRICT` varchar(45) DEFAULT NULL,
  `COUNTRY` varchar(45) DEFAULT NULL,
  `USER_ID` int(11) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`ID`),
  KEY `FK_USER_idx` (`USER_ID`),
  CONSTRAINT `FK_USER` FOREIGN KEY (`USER_ID`) REFERENCES `user` (`ID`) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=11 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

Answer 1

To me, it looks like you have specified your relationship wrong. Have a look my Q&A here . You specifically want to be looking at the uni-directional 1 to many example. With your current configuration I think Hibernate is trying to create 2 uni-directional 1 to many relationships and that is causing issues.

Specifying insertable = false, updateable = false, nullable = false on your @JoinColumn annotation won't be doing anything. Those modifiers only do something if you are using Hibernate to create your database schema based on your annotations. Since you already have a schema, it doesn't do anything.

It would be helpful for debugging purposes if you could post your registerUser method.

public class Address implements Serializable {
    ....
    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name = "USER_ID")
    private User user;
}

public class User implements Serializable{
    ....
    @OneToMany(mappedBy = "user", cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
    private Collection<Address> addresses;
}

Answer 2

As the exception you are getting is java.sql.SQLException: Field 'USER_ID' doesn't have a default value You can set a default value for your column in Hibernate using annotation like @JoinColumn(name = "USER_ID", insertable=false, updatable=false, nullable=false), columnDefinition = “int default 100"

You can give any value in spite of 100 what you want to be your default value.

Second thing, may be you would like to add somewhere referencedColumnName = "SOME_COLUMN" when you are making foreign keys.

Hope it helps.

Edit:

Please let me explain a bit, the referencedColumnName can be used to specify another column as the default id column of the other table.

Table1
    id int identity
    tableb_key varchar


Table2
    id int identity
    key varchar unique

// in class for Table1
@Joincolumn(column="tableb_key", referencedColumnName="key")

Answer 3

When doing OneToMany and ManyToOne, you have to do add Parent object in you Chilid object as well Child in Parent Ojbect I mean you need to do a.setUser(user); b.setUser(user);