VIM: .vimrc not working as expected on Mint13 XFCE, works on MacVim

Question

Vim-newbie here... I've been learning vim at work using a Mac.

I added my .vimrc to my github repo and expected Vundle to download everything and have vim working the same on my home Mint 13 laptop.

I've linked my ~/.vim/.vimrc to ~/.vimrc. I followed these instructions for building vim 7.4 and having a working vim.

I know that some parts of the .vimrc file are read, b/c my remapped esc sequence is working.

Nothing else appears to work, not even line numbers.

vim --version

vim --version

VIM - Vi IMproved 7.4 (2013 Aug 10, compiled Feb 25 2015 20:30:46)
Included patches: 1-640

vimrc

set nocompatible              " be iMproved, required
filetype off                  " required

" set the runtime path to include Vundle and initialize
set rtp+=~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim
call vundle#begin()
" alternatively, pass a path where Vundle should install plugins


" let Vundle manage Vundle, required
Plugin 'gmarik/Vundle.vim'

" Keep Plugin commands between vundle#begin/end.
Bundle 'nanotech/jellybeans.vim'
Bundle 'tpope/vim-fugitive'
Bundle 'flazz/vim-colorschemes'
Bundle 'fs111/pydoc.vim'
Bundle 'hdima/python-syntax'
Bundle 'scrooloose/nerdtree'
Bundle 'tmhedberg/SimpylFold'
Bundle 'scrooloose/syntastic'
Bundle 'kien/rainbow_parentheses.vim'
call vundle#end()            " required

filetype plugin indent on    " required
syntax enable
set foldmethod=indent
set foldlevel=99
setlocal foldmethod=indent

set background=dark
set tabstop=4
set expandtab
set shiftwidth=4
set shiftround
set number
let mapleader=","
set hlsearch
set mouse=a
set nojoinspaces
set smarttab

nnoremap <leader>n :NERDTree<CR>
imap fj <Esc> 
colorscheme jellybeans 
" rainbow parens
au VimEnter * RainbowParenthesesToggle
au Syntax * RainbowParenthesesLoadRound
au Syntax * RainbowParenthesesLoadSquare
au Syntax * RainbowParenthesesLoadBraces

Answer 1

It would appear, that once again I've been bitten by XFCE.

This link gave me the hint I needed, setting my terminal colos with:

set t_Co=256

Now more features are working as I expected, except that the color scheme jellybeans is no longer so great.

Rainbowparens is not working.

EDIT: Using more colors allows rainbow parens to work...

set t_Co=512