Let's say I have the following multi-line string:
cmd = """
a = 1 + 1
b = [
2 + 2,
4 + 4,
]
bork bork bork
"""
and I want to execute it in a particular scope:
scope = {}
exec( cmd, scope )
print scope[ 'b' ]
There's a SyntaxError
at line 6 of the command, and I want to be able to report that to the user. How do I get the line number? I've tried this:
try:
exec( cmd, scope ) # <-- let's say this is on line 123 of the source file
except Exception, err:
a, b, c = sys.exc_info()
line_number = c.tb_lineno # <-- this gets me 123, not 6
print "%s at line %d (%s)" % ( a, line_number, b.message )
...but I get the line number of the exec
statement, not the line number within the multi-line command.
Update: it turns out the handling of the type of exception that I arbitrarily chose for this example, the SyntaxError
, is different from the handling of any other type. To clarify, I'm looking a solution that copes with any kind of exception.
For syntax errors, the source line number is available as the lineno
flag on the exception object itself, in your case stored in err
. This is specific to syntax errors where the line number is an integral part of the error:
>>> cmd = """
... 1 \ +
... 2 * "
... """
>>> try:
... exec cmd
... except SyntaxError as err:
... print err.lineno
...
2
If you want to also handle other errors, add a new except
block except Exception, err
, and use the traceback
module to compute the line number for the runtime error.
import sys
import traceback
class InterpreterError(Exception): pass
def my_exec(cmd, globals=None, locals=None, description='source string'):
try:
exec(cmd, globals, locals)
except SyntaxError as err:
error_class = err.__class__.__name__
detail = err.args[0]
line_number = err.lineno
except Exception as err:
error_class = err.__class__.__name__
detail = err.args[0]
cl, exc, tb = sys.exc_info()
line_number = traceback.extract_tb(tb)[-1][1]
else:
return
raise InterpreterError("%s at line %d of %s: %s" % (error_class, line_number, description, detail))
Examples:
>>> my_exec("1+1") # no exception
>>>
>>> my_exec("1+1\nbork")
...
InterpreterError: NameError at line 2 of source string: name 'bork' is not defined
>>>
>>> my_exec("1+1\nbork bork bork")
...
InterpreterError: SyntaxError at line 2 of source string: invalid syntax
>>>
>>> my_exec("1+1\n'''")
...
InterpreterError: SyntaxError at line 2 of source string: EOF while scanning triple-quoted string
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