Compiling 32 Bit Application on 64 Bit Linux

Question

I'm trying to compile a program for 32 bit on a 64 bit Kali Linux operating system.

Here is my system information:

root@kali:~/Desktop# cat /proc/version
Linux version 3.18.0-kali3-amd64 (debian-kernel@lists.debian.org) (gcc version 4.7.2 (Debian 4.7.2-5) ) #1 SMP Debian 3.18.6-1~kali2 (2015-03-02)

When I try to compile my C project, it cannot find -lgcc :

root@kali:~/Desktop/Project# make
cc -o libor libor.c -fno-stack-protector -z execstack -m32 -lpthread
/usr/bin/ld: skipping incompatible /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.7/libgcc.a when searching for -lgcc
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lgcc
/usr/bin/ld: skipping incompatible /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.7/libgcc_s.so when searching for -lgcc_s
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lgcc_s
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [all] Error 1

Note that I'm using the -m32 flag to force compilation for 32 bit.

Like suggested elsewhere, the 32 bit libraries should be installed which I did using the following command:

sudo apt-get install libc6-dev-i386

This however only changed the error message to the one seen above. I lost the previous one however I guess it no longer matters.

Please note that existing answers didn't help me so this is not a duplicate.

Answer 1

Try ensuring that your new 32-bit libraries are in the library search path. You can verify this by using the ldconfig command, and if the libraries' directories aren't listed, then use the tips in this web page: http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-setting-changing-library-path/

I don't know that the above is the cause of your problem, but it may be worth a try?

Answer 2

apt-get install gcc-multilib

应该可以。