How to get a list of objects from Entity Framework database?

Question

I am working on a Timesheet system. I'm using Entity Framework for the first time and am confused by how the relationships work.

I have the following class, Week :

public class Week
{
    public int WeekId { get; set; }
    public DateTime FirstDayOfWeek { get; set; }
    public List<TimeEntry> TimeEntries { get; set; }
    public Week()
    {
        TimeEntries = new List<TimeEntry>();
    }
}

and each week contains a number of TimeEntries :

public class TimeEntry
{
    public int TimeEntryID { get; set; }
    public double MonHours { get; set; }
    public double TueHours { get; set; }
    public double WedHours { get; set; }
    public double ThuHours { get; set; }
    public double FriHours { get; set; }
}

The way that EF has created the tables for these is as follows:

dbo.Weeks
WeekId (int)
FirstDayOfWeek (datetime)

dbo.TimeEntries
TimeEntryId (int)
MonHours (float)
TueHours (float)
WedHours (float)
ThuHours (float)
FriHours (float)
Week_WeekId (int)

In my tables I have the following:

WeekId---FirstDayOfWeek
1------------2017-07-31

TimeEntryId---MonHours---TueHours...-Week_WeekId
1-----------------1---------------2...-------------1
2-----------------0---------------1...-------------1

(Apologies for the badly drawn tables!)

The problem is when I try and retrieve the data from my controller using Linq, it doesn't pull back the list of TimeEntries.

This is the query I'm using:

Week SelectedWeek = (from w in db.Weeks  
  where w.WeekId == 1  
  select w).FirstOrDefault();

However, the count of SelectedWeek.TimeEntries is zero?

I also tried the opposite approach (which seemed more logical from a non-EF perspective):

var timeEntries = from te in db.TimeEntries
  where te.week_weekId == 1
  select te;

but this gives the error:

TimeEntry does not contain a definition for week_weekId...

What is the right way to do this?

Answer 1

Week SelectedWeek = (from w in db.Weeks  
  where w.WeekId == 1  
  select w).FirstOrDefault();

Above query results in count of SelectedWeek.TimeEntries is zero because its not being loaded lazily or lazy loaded. You either need to add virtual keyword for TimeEntries or rely on eager loading

Lazy Loading
public virtual ICollection<TimeEntry> TimeEntries { get; set; }

Or

Eager Loading
Week SelectedWeek = db.Weeks.Include("TimeEntries").Where(w => w.WeekId == 1).FirstOrDefault();

Or 

Explicit Loading
var selectedWeek = db.Weeks.Find(1); 

// Load the TimeEntries related to a given Week
context.Entry(selectedWeek ).Collection(t => t.TimeEntries).Load();

Further reading about loading related entities in EF : https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/jj574232(v=vs.113).aspx

Answer 2

You need to use the Include() clause when reading the data, in order to ask Entity Framework to perform a JOIN operation and retrieve the related records.

Week SelectedWeek = (from w in db.Weeks.Include(x => x.TimeEntries)  
  where w.WeekId == 1  
  select w).FirstOrDefault();