In Node.js, for a project we create a package.json file, which lists all the dependencies, so that NPM can automatically install them.
Is there an equivalent way to do this with Python ?
Node has npm
similarly python having pip
pip is a package management system used to install and manage software packages written in Python.
So first you need to install pip,
sudo apt-get install python-pip
You have to keep your requirements in requirements.txt
in you project folder as like package.json
in nodejs
.
eg:
pip install package1
pip install package2
pip install package3
Then move on to your project path, then do this:
pip install -r requirements.txt
您可以使用pip freeze > requirements.txt
生成依赖项列表,并使用pip install -r requirements.txt
安装所有依赖项。
The quickest and best way that I've found when delivering a program that has dependencies uses a few simple steps.
pip install pipreqs
that allows running pipreqs /--directory to your program folder--/
and produces the requirements.txt file inside your program's folder for your program that lists all package dependencies.pip uninstall -r requirements.txt
and run the program to make sure it still works without the dependencies installed.你可以使用conda
conda install --file requirements.txt
If you are creating a standalone library, consider using setuptools
and define a setup.py
with an install_requires
field for the dependencies required for the library. Example:
from setuptools import setup
setup(
name='example.package',
install_requires=[
'setuptools',
'requests>=3.0.0',
# other requirements
],
# ... and other attributes
)
If you are trying to produce a development/build environment, a requirements.txt
can be sufficient, but this is not available to other Python packages through the standard dependency resolution.
See install_requires
vs. Requirement files
Also, please reference the Python packaging guide for a more comprehensive set of information on how to work with packages, eg installation of package (covers the usage of pip, virtualenv which is useful for setting up a development environment), producing a package that can be distributed (covers what to put in a project's setup.py
).
pipenv
is now the officially recommended packaging tool for installing packages and managing dependencies. It bundles the great features found in related tools like virtualenv, pipfile, and more. It also gives you the best features from other worlds like npm
, yarn
, etc.
Though, pip
is available with Python by default. It is the most common tool used for installing python packages. When authors publish Python packages, they include a setup.py
file that directs pip
to the dependencies so it can resolve them with your environment. Authors may also include one or more requirements.txt
files which you can direct pip
to gather the required packages IE pip install -r /path/to/requirements.txt
Typically speaking, almost all packages you might use are published in the PyPI repository and you merely need to do pip install <package name>
and it figures out the rest.
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