We saw passing arrays to functions using pointers in my intro. to C class, and I'm trying to learn how to pass multidimensional arrays on my own. I tried writing a function to assign the values of the entries of a matrix onto a local array, but I get a segmentation fault. I was hoping someone could explain why this happens and how to fix it. I'm using the terminal on macOS Sierra. Thanks in advance. My code is below:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
void fillMatrix();
int main(void){
int rows, cols;
printf("\nEnter the number of columns:\n");
scanf("%d", &cols);
printf("\nEnter the number of rows:\n");
scanf("%d", &rows);
int matrix[rows][cols];
fillMatrix(&matrix[rows][cols], rows, cols);
for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i){
for (int j = 0; j < (cols - 1); ++j){
printf("%d ", matrix[i][j]);
} printf("%d\n", matrix[i][(cols -1)]);
}
return 0;
}
void fillMatrix( int *matrix, int rows, int cols ){
for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i){
for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j){
printf("\nPlease enter the A(%d,%d) entry:\n", i, j);
scanf("%d", &*(matrix + (i*cols) + j));
}
}
return;
}
Given the declaration
int matrix[rows][cols];
This code is wrong:
fillMatrix(&matrix[rows][cols], rows, cols);
The address of &matrix[rows][cols]
is past the end of the matrix.
The first element of the matrix is &matrix[0][0]
, and the last element of the matrix is &matrix[rows-1][cols-1]
.
Also, this declaration
void fillMatrix();
will cause problems with this defintion:
void fillMatrix( int *matrix, int rows, int cols ){
...
They need to match. Right now, because of the void fillMatrix()
declaration up top, arguments get passed to the function via default argument promotion , but because the definition has explicit arguments, the function itself expects the arguments to be passed as int *
or int
. You're probably not having problems with that as the defaults for those arguments are likely the same as those arguments, but function definitions and declarations generally must match exactly.
I haven't examined your code for other issues.
In C when you are declaring an array you need to specify its size at the time of compilation. When you decelerate the array in line
int matrix[rows][cols];
You actually initialise its size with rubbish values. In case of my compiler it was initialised with size of [0][0]. In order to achieve what you want you need to do one of two things:
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