Atomic assignment of long value in java

Question

I have the use case to update epoch time of events in a long variable. This variable will have lots of concurrent reads and writes as well. Here are the requirements in detail:

1. Very fast completion of reads and writes
2. Reads may or may not return latest result but should not return corrupted result
3. Writes are simple assignment to a new epoch value, no addition, subtraction or calculation is required

Which of the alternatives is a better option for my use case:

1. primitive long with volatile keyword
2. AtomicLong
3. LongAccumulator with accumulatorFunction being (x,y) -> y
4. Two different variables - one for only reading values and other a volatile variable just for writing value, the value of write variable one being copied to read variable in some interval

Answer 1

使用AtomicLong因为它有助于避免显式锁定的额外开销