I am stuck on getting this swing UI to act the way I was hoping. I wrote this demo code to showcase what it is doing and I will now explain what I was hoping to make it do.
I have a JFrame and 3 JPanels
https://i.stack.imgur.com/B82tF.png
I want the JFrame to have an image in the background on the JFrame, like a world map, then on top of that I was trying to have: a top nav bar with buttons, then on top of the map, I want buttons that a player can click on for different areas of the map on the layer below, then I want to have a drawer that opens and closes if the user clicks on the show/hide drawer button that gives info about the action they performed by clicking the buttons.
What I have so far is three panels all aligned side by side and that is not what I want.
How can i get this UI to act like I described above?
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
class TestFrame extends JFrame {
static JFrame frame;
static JButton btnExit, btnShowHide;
static JPanel gridPanel, drawerPanel;
public static void main(String[] args)
{
GridLayout layout = new GridLayout(1,1,0,0);
frame = new JFrame("Main Frame");
frame.setLayout(layout);
// 1: Creating grid panel
gridPanel = new JPanel();
gridPanel.setBackground(Color.yellow);
gridPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(5, 5, 0, 0));
gridPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.GRAY));
gridPanel.setOpaque(false);
gridPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.gray));
placeButtons();
// 2: Creating button panel
JPanel buttonPanel = new JPanel();
buttonPanel.setBackground(Color.red);
// add buttons
btnExit = new JButton("Exit");
buttonPanel.add(btnExit);
btnExit.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
try {
System.exit(0);
} catch (Exception err) {
System.out.println("doh");
}
}
});
// 3: Creating button panel
drawerPanel = new JPanel();
drawerPanel.setBackground(Color.blue);
btnShowHide = new JButton("show drawer");
buttonPanel.add(btnShowHide);
btnShowHide.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
try {
System.out.println("show drawer");
drawerPanel.setVisible(true);
} catch (Exception err) {
System.out.println("Could not close the DB: " + err);
}
if(btnShowHide.getText().equals("show drawer")){
btnShowHide.setText("hide drawer");
} else{
btnShowHide.setText("show drawer");
drawerPanel.setVisible(false);
}
}
});
// Adding panels to frame
frame.add(gridPanel);
frame.add(buttonPanel);
frame.add(drawerPanel);
frame.setSize(500, 500);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
public static void placeButtons(){
System.out.println("place buttons");
int dbx = 0;
int dby = 0;
for(int xCnt = 0; xCnt < 5; xCnt++){
dby = 0;
for(int yCnt = 0; yCnt < 5; yCnt++) {
JButton click = new JButton("x:"+xCnt+" y:"+yCnt);
gridPanel.add(click);
dby++;
}
dbx++;
}
}
}```
Something like this?
public static void main(String[] args) {
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Test");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
JToolBar toolBar = new JToolBar(JToolBar.HORIZONTAL);
toolBar.setFloatable(false);
frame.add(toolBar, new GridBagConstraints(0, 0, 2, 3, 0, 1.0, GridBagConstraints.NORTH, GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL, new Insets(0, 0, 0, 0), 0, 0));
JPanel drawer = new JPanel();
drawer.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
drawer.setOpaque(true);
drawer.setVisible(false);
JPanel content = new JPanel();
content.setBackground(Color.GREEN);
content.setOpaque(true);
frame.add(drawer, new GridBagConstraints(0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, GridBagConstraints.WEST, GridBagConstraints.BOTH, new Insets(4, 4, 4, 4), 0, 0));
frame.add(content, new GridBagConstraints(1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, GridBagConstraints.WEST, GridBagConstraints.BOTH, new Insets(4, 4, 4, 4), 0, 0));
Action toggleDrawer = new AbstractAction("Toggle Drawer") {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
drawer.setVisible(!drawer.isVisible());
frame.revalidate();
frame.repaint();
}
};
toolBar.add(new JButton(toggleDrawer));
frame.pack();
frame.setSize(300, 500);
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
A common strategy to solve complex computing tasks is to break them into small, well-defined manageable tasks. Divide and conquer. This also applies to gui: break the design into small, easy-to-layout containers and take it step by step.
First step: to have a background image implement a main panel, override its paintComponent to draw the image:
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.*;
public class TestFrame /*extends JFrame*/ {
private static final String imageURL = "https://previews.123rf.com/images/pingebat/pingebat1710/pingebat171000035/88604429-great-detail-illustration-of-the-world-map-in-vintage-style-.jpg";
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
URL url = new URL(imageURL);
BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(url);
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Main Frame");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.add(new MainPane(image));
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
class MainPane extends JPanel{
private final Image background;
private final Dimension size;
MainPane(Image background) {
this.background = background;
size = new Dimension(background.getWidth(null), background.getHeight(null));
}
@Override
public Dimension preferredSize() {
return size;
}
@Override //Override to paint image at the background
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
g.drawImage(background, 0, 0, null);
}
}
Second step: add controls buttons at the top. Define the buttons panel:
class ControlsPane extends JPanel{
public ControlsPane(ActionListener listener) {
setOpaque(false);
JButton btnShowHide = new JButton("Show Drawer");
add(btnShowHide);
btnShowHide.addActionListener(listener);
JButton btnExit = new JButton("Exit");
add(btnExit);
btnExit.addActionListener(e-> System.exit(0));
}
}
and modify MainPane
constructor to use BorderLayout
and add the buttons panel as suggested by @camickr:
MainPane(Image background) {
this.background = background;
size = new Dimension(background.getWidth(null), background.getHeight(null));
setLayout(new BorderLayout(5,5));
//action listener for show drawer button
ActionListener listener = e-> System.out.println("Show Drawer clicked");
add(new ControlsPane(listener), BorderLayout.PAGE_START);
}
Now take it to the next step (for example add a drawer).
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