How to change UPDATE behavior in Spring Data JPA/Hibernate for specific field?

Question

I have to add before UPDATE validation for the entity field.

There is a 'status' enum field, that has 3 values(A,B,C).

So if entity has value C, it cannot be updated on A or B.

SQL triggers are not allowed.

I found @SQLUpdate annotation and @Where annotation, but cannot find how to use this annotations.

I tried to use @EntityListeners, but listener has entity object in argument that was already updated, but there is no access to the current value from database.

public class MyEntityListener {
  
@PreUpdate
  private void validateStatusFieldForUpdate(MyEntity entity) {
    if (!(entity.getStatus().equals(entity.getStatus()))
        && entity.getStatus().equals(MyEntityStatusEnum.C)) {
      throw new ListenerValidationException("Entity with status='C' cannot be updated!");
    }
  }

}

Answer 1

Is a good practice to do these validations out of the persistence layer (entities & repositories)

Your case is a classic data validation that you can resolve using a validate method in static class, by example, called from any service class.