Type guards in typescript are narrowing to never type

Question

I am migrating to a newer version of typescript but started getting this error in type guards.
In the else brach, its showing question is of type never rather than showing question is of type Question. When i run this in typescript v3.9.5 it works fine but in v4.5.4 it gives this error. Pasting below my code snippet. There is also a ref image of the error in vs code

export enum QuestionTypesEnum {
    TYPE1 = 'type1',
    TYPE2 = 'type2'
}

export type McqSingle = {
    hash: string
    type: QuestionTypesEnum
    answer: string;
}

export type McqMultiple = {
    hash: string
    type: QuestionTypesEnum
    answers: string[]
}

export type Question =
| McqSingle
| McqMultiple

type EmptyQuestion = { hash: string }

const isEmptyQuestion  = (question: Question | EmptyQuestion): question is EmptyQuestion => {
    return !('type' in question)
}

let question: Question | EmptyQuestion = { hash: 'saas', type: QuestionTypesEnum.TYPE1 }

if (isEmptyQuestion(question)) {

}
else {
    question.type  // <-- Typescript complains that "Property 'type' does not exist on type 'never'"
}

Playground link

The error is:

Typescript complains that "Property 'type' does not exist on type 'never'"

TS error in vs code

Answer 1

The problem is that Question is a superset of EmptyQuestion ( Question instances are valid EmptyQuestion instances). As a result, your type predicate doesn't narrow the question variable at all; its type in the if branch is still Question | EmptyQuestion Question | EmptyQuestion .

It works if you reverse the type predicate to checking for Question , since although Question is a valid EmptyQuestion , EmptyQuestion is not a valid Question :

const isQuestion  = (question: Question | EmptyQuestion): question is Question => {
    return 'type' in question;
};

// ...

if (isQuestion(question)) {
    question.type
    // ^? −−−− type is Question
} else {
    question.hash
    // ^? −−−− type is EmptyQuestion
}

Playground link