Eager/Lazy loaded member always empty with JPA one-to-many relationship

Question

I have two entities, a User and Role with a one-to-many relationship from user to role. Here's what the tables look like:

mysql> select * from User;
+----+-------+----------+
| id | name  | password |
+----+-------+----------+
|  1 | admin | admin    |
+----+-------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from Role;
+----+----------------------+---------------+----------------+
| id | description          | name          | summary        |
+----+----------------------+---------------+----------------+
|  1 | administrator's role | administrator | Administration |
|  2 | editor's role        | editor        | Editing        |
+----+----------------------+---------------+----------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

And here's the join table that was created:

mysql> select * from User_Role;
+---------+----------+
| User_id | roles_id |
+---------+----------+
|       1 |        1 |
|       1 |        2 |
+---------+----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

And here's the subset of orm.xml that defines the tables and relationships:

<entity class="User" name="User">
    <table name="User" />
    <attributes>
        <id name="id">
            <generated-value strategy="AUTO" />
        </id>
        <basic name="name">
            <column name="name" length="100" unique="true" nullable="false"/>
        </basic>
        <basic name="password">
            <column length="255" nullable="false" />
        </basic>
        <one-to-many
            name="roles"
            fetch="EAGER"
            target-entity="Role"
            />
    </attributes>
</entity>

<entity class="Role" name="Role">
    <table name="Role" />
    <attributes>
        <id name="id">
            <generated-value strategy="AUTO"/>
        </id>
        <basic name="name">
            <column name="name" length="40" unique="true" nullable="false"/>
        </basic>
        <basic name="summary">
            <column name="summary" length="100" nullable="false"/>
        </basic>
        <basic name="description">
            <column name="description" length="255"/>
        </basic>
    </attributes>
</entity>

Yet, despite that, when I retrieve the admin user, I get back an empty collection. I'm using Hibernate as my JPA provider and it shows the following debug SQL:

select
    user0_.id as id8_,
    user0_.name as name8_,
    user0_.password as password8_ 
from
    User user0_ 
where
    user0_.name=? limit ?

When the one-to-many mapping is lazy loaded, that's the only query that's made. This correctly retrieves the one admin user. I changed the relationship to use eager loading and then the following query is made in addition to the above:

select
    roles0_.User_id as User1_1_,
    roles0_.roles_id as roles2_1_,
    role1_.id as id9_0_,
    role1_.description as descript2_9_0_,
    role1_.name as name9_0_,
    role1_.summary as summary9_0_ 
from
    User_Role roles0_ 
left outer join
    Role role1_ 
        on roles0_.roles_id=role1_.id 
where
    roles0_.User_id=?

Which results in the following results:

+----------+-----------+--------+----------------------+---------------+----------------+
| User1_1_ | roles2_1_ | id9_0_ | descript2_9_0_       | name9_0_      | summary9_0_    |
+----------+-----------+--------+----------------------+---------------+----------------+
|        1 |         1 |      1 | administrator's role | administrator | Administration |
|        1 |         2 |      2 | editor's role        | editor        | Editing        |
+----------+-----------+--------+----------------------+---------------+----------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Hibernate obviously knows about the roles, yet getRoles() still returns an empty collection. Hibernate also recognized the relationship sufficiently to put the data in the first place.

What problems can cause these symptoms?

Answer 1

To me, there is some kind of mismatch between your physical model and the mapping of your entities: the physical model implements a many-to-many relation (with a join table) while the mapping declares a one-to-many relation. IMO, the physical model is "right": one User can have many Roles, one Role can be associated to many Users. In other words, the relation between User and Roles is a many-to-many.

Answer 2

Ok, I found a couple of different symptoms that cause the problem:

1. User error . In this case, I was in error and everything I had above was working correctly. I made a dumb, (ok... really dumb) mistake.
2. Schema changes . In switching between one-to-many and many-to-many relationships, the schema was updated but my data wasn't repopulated. Since the data wasn't repopulated, a third column in the join table was NULL and unused resulting in zero records returned.

The many-to-many mapping also works. Here's what it ended up looking like:

<entity class="User" name="User">
    <table name="User" />
    <attributes>
        <id name="id">
            <generated-value strategy="AUTO" />
        </id>
        <basic name="name">
            <column name="name" length="100" unique="true" nullable="false"/>
        </basic>
        <basic name="password">
            <column length="255" nullable="false" />
        </basic>
        <many-to-many
            name="roles"
            fetch="EAGER"
            target-entity="Role"
            />
    </attributes>
</entity>

<entity class="Role" name="Role">
    <table name="Role" />
    <attributes>
        <id name="id">
            <generated-value strategy="AUTO"/>
        </id>
        <basic name="name">
            <column name="name" length="40" unique="true" nullable="false"/>
        </basic>
        <basic name="summary">
            <column name="summary" length="100" nullable="false"/>
        </basic>
        <basic name="description">
            <column name="description" length="255"/>
        </basic>
        <many-to-many
            name="users"
            mapped-by="roles"
            />
    </attributes>
</entity>

It turns out that either solution works, but the many-to-many solution assumes that I have a field within my role object that allows me to query (and/or set) the users. This will make role management easier.