Actionlisteners in constructor

Question

I am trying to create NewCard class, with implements a frame. How can I add Actionlisteners to elements in constructor of NewCard class? I can't put Actionlistener into constructor, and when I put it outside, element "field" is invisible for saveButtonListener block..

Second question: class Record in try block throws two exceptions, why try block generate error?

package Interface;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import Engine.*;

class NewCard extends JFrame
{         
    NewCard()
    {
        JFrame Card = new JFrame(); 
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
        setTitle("New Card");
        setSize(340, 580);  
        setVisible(true);
        Container contentPane = getContentPane();
        contentPane.setLayout(null);

        // Field

        JTextField field = new JTextField();
        contentPane.add(field);
        field.setBounds(110,15,200,25);

        // Button:

        JButton saveButton = new JButton("Save");
        powZawartosci.add(saveButton);
        saveButton.setBounds(95,495,150,25);

        saveButtonListener listener1 = new saveButtonListener();
        saveButton.addActionListener(listener1);
    }

    private class saveButtonListener implements ActionListener 
    {
        try
        {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) 
            {
                new Record(field.getText());
            }
        }
        catch(IOException e)
        {
            System.out.println("IOException");
        }
        catch(SQLException e)
        {
            System.out.println("SQLException");
        }
        finally
        {

        }
    }
}

Answer 1

regarding:

I can't put Actionlistener into constructor, ...

Who says you can't? Simply add the ActionListener...

JButton saveButton = new JButton("Save");
saveButton.addActionListener(new SaveButtonListener()); // capitalize class names

Or you can use anonymous inner classes, or even better, use AbstractActions.

Edit 1:
Regarding:

Second question: class Record in try block throws two exceptions, why try block generate error?

If you have a question about an exception, it makes lots of sense to show the exception.

Edit 2
Regarding:

class NewCard extends JFrame
{         
    NewCard()
    {
        JFrame Card = new JFrame();

Why have the class extend JFrame and create a JFrame inside the class that is never used?Best to not have the class extend JFrame but rather to create the JFrame when needed.

Answer 2

You could put your action listener inside constructor like this:

final JTextField field = new JTextField();
...
saveButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
   @Override
   public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) {
      new Record(field.getText());
   }

});

Answer 3

Pass field to the saveButtonListener by creating an appropriate constructor for the listener.

Or use an anonymous listener, as shown in Mersenne's answer.