Mac3 X 10.9上的Python3，lxml和“未找到符号：_lzma_auto_decoder”

Question

我已经使用自制软件安装了python 3，然后安装了pip3和lxml。

以下行

来自lxml import entree

导致以下错误：

$ python3
Python 3.3.5 (v3.3.5:62cf4e77f785, Mar  9 2014, 01:12:57) 
[GCC 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5666) (dot 3)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> from lxml import etree
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: dlopen(/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.3/lib/python3.3/site-  packages/lxml/etree.so, 2): Symbol not found: _lzma_auto_decoder
Referenced from: /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.3/lib/python3.3/site-packages/lxml/etree.so
Expected in: flat namespace
in /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.3/lib/python3.3/site-packages/lxml/etree.so
>>> exit();

有人知道如何解决这个问题吗？

Answer 1

我删除了所有版本的python

      /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/

之后我使用brew重新安装了python 3并使用重新创建了符号链接

     brew link --overwrite python3

Answer 2

删除lxml并重新安装lxml第二次为我工作（很奇怪，不满意这个解决方案）：

pip3.4 uninstall lxml
pip3.4 install lxml

pip3抱怨已经安装了lxml，用以下命令手动删除安装文件：

rm -fr /private/var/folders/dj/saljfdsf12_sd7s89dfg9080000rb/T/pip_build_user/lxml

然后再说：

pip3.4 install lxml

它奏效了。 我无法重现原始错误消息以找到此问题的根本原因。

Answer 3

如果您使用Homebrew并安装了xz ，则以下内容应该有效：

STATIC_DEPS=true CFLAGS=-I/usr/local/include/lzma pip install -U lxml

否则将CFLAGS设置为lzma标头所在的位置。

Answer 4

我有同样的问题，

我做了什么：

首先，我确保我没有安装端口py27-xml2 ， py27-xslt或py27-lxml

sudo port installed | grep py27

我安装了端口py27-pip并检查$ PATH变量是否指向它。 还安装了py27-setuptools 。

$  sudo port contents py27-pip | grep /pip$
  /opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/pip

in ~/.bash_profile:
export PATH="/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin:${PATH}"

$  which pip
  /opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/pip

然后我用easy_install安装了lxml ，它位于与pip相同的目录中

STATIC_DEPS=true sudo easy_install-2.7 lxml

建设过程显示：

$  STATIC_DEPS=true sudo easy_install-2.7 lxml
Searching for lxml
Reading https://pypi.python.org/simple/lxml/
Downloading 
....
Building without Cython.
Using build configuration of libxslt 1.1.29
Building against libxml2/libxslt in the following directory: /Applications/MAMP/Library/  
....

        libxml/xmlversion.h: No such file or directory

我在$ PATH结束时移动了MAMP（似乎已经附带了这些库），卸载了lxml （显示“找不到符号：_lzma_auto_decoder”错误）并重复上一个命令：

$ STATIC_DEPS=true sudo easy_install-2.7 -m "lxml==3.6.4"

in ~/.bash_profile:
export PATH="/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin:${PATH}:/Applications/MAMP/Library/bin:/Applications/MAMP/Library"

$  source ~/.bash_profile

$  STATIC_DEPS=true sudo easy_install-2.7 lxml 

这修复了virtualenv内部或外部的错误

$  python
Python 2.7.12 (default, Jun 29 2016, 12:46:54)
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 6.0 (clang-600.0.57)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> from lxml import etree
>>>