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具有函数和结构指针的ctypes中的错误

[英]Error in ctypes with a function and a structure pointer

我试图将C ++函数(在dll中)与python一起使用。 为此,我使用ctypes库。

我的C ++代码是使用网络摄像头的库,该摄像头可导出一组C函数。

我要使用的功能:

/*! Release the grabber object. Must be called, if the calling application
    does no longer need the grabber.
    @param hGrabber The handle to grabber to be released.
    @sa IC_CreateGrabber
*/
void AC IC_ReleaseGrabber( HGRABBER *hGrabber ); ///< Releas an HGRABBER object.

是释放记忆功能

这个HGRABBER结构:

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/*! This is the handle of an grabber object. Please use the HGRABBER type to access
    this object.
*/
typedef struct HGRABBER_t__ { int unused; } HGRABBER_t; ///<Internal structure of the grabber object handle.
#define HGRABBER HGRABBER_t* ///< Type of grabber object handle. Used for all functions. 

我的代码是:

必要的结构HGRABBER(在我的情况下为HGRABBER_TYPE)

class HGRABBER_T(ctypes.Structure):
    _fields_ = [("unused", ctypes.c_int)] 

HGRABBER_TYPE = ctypes.POINTER(HGRABBER_T)

调用函数:

self._dllref =  ctypes.windll.LoadLibrary(DLL_PATH)
self._grabber_handle = self._dllref.IC_CreateGrabber() 
 ....
 ...
 ....
self._dllref.IC_ReleaseGrabber(ctypes.pointer(HGRABBER_TYPE(self._grabber_handle)))

最后,我收到的错误:

self._dllref.IC_ReleaseGrabber(ctypes.byref(HGRABBER_TYPE(self._grabber_handle)))
TypeError: expected HGRABBER_T instead of int

我检查了其他相关的帖子,例如这个 ,但它并没有帮助我..

感谢您的帮助!

更新:

我应用了restype和argtypes来指定参数并返回值(谢谢!)。

经过修改,代码为:

self._dllref =  ctypes.windll.LoadLibrary(DLL_PATH)
self._dllref.IC_CreateGrabber.restype = HGRABBER_TYPE        
self._grabber_handle = self._dllref.IC_CreateGrabber() 
...
..
self._dllref.IC_ReleaseGrabber.argtypes = [HGRABBER_TYPE]
self._dllref.IC_ReleaseGrabber(self._grabber_handle)

我应该有多个错误,现在我的错误是:

self._dllref.IC_ReleaseGrabber(self._grabber_handle)
WindowsError: exception: access violation writing 0x6E657137

我检查了函数的参数(HGRABBER * hGrabber),release函数的argtypes应该是:

self._dllref.IC_ReleaseGrabber.argtypes = [ctypes.POINTER(HGRABBER_TYPE)]

通过此修改,我得到另一个不同的错误:

self._dllref.IC_ReleaseGrabber(self._grabber_handle)
WindowsError: exception: access violation reading 0x6B0F1FE0

我正在搜索这些错误,这似乎是我不理解的指针转换错误,结构看起来非常简单,并且我看不到我错过的内容。

更新2

我在调用函数时错过了添加ctypes.byref,它必须是:

 self._dllref.IC_ReleaseGrabber(ctypes.byref(self._grabber_handle))

更新3

不幸的是,我遇到与指针参数( (ctypes.byref(self._grabber_handle)) )相关的随机错误,有时释放函数接受该对象,但有时会出现以下错误:

    _dllref.IC_ReleaseGrabber(ctypes.byref(_grabber_handle))
WindowsError: exception: access violation reading 0x5A694F44

您可以设置IC_CreateGrabber的返回类型, IC_CreateGrabber在调用IC_ReleaseGrabber时不需要重铸。

例如:

self._dllref =  ctypes.windll.LoadLibrary(DLL_PATH)

# here set the return type
self._dllref.IC_CreateGrabber.restype = HGRABBER_TYPE

# here set the argtypes
self._dllref.IC_ReleaseGrabber.argtypes = [ctypes.POINTER(HGRABBER_TYPE)]

self._grabber_handle = self._dllref.IC_CreateGrabber() 

self._dllref.IC_ReleaseGrabber(ctypes.byref(self._grabber_handle))

通过设置库函数的restypeargtypes ,ctypes知道如何从C端处理值。

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