使用Python 3的opencv 3.0.0 alpha无法导入cv2

Question

我正在使用带有python 3.4.1的Anaconda 2.1.0，并在Mac OSX Yosemite上使用以下命令构建了opencv 3.0.0-alpha：

cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE 
-D BUILD_PERF_TESTS=OFF 
-D BUILD_opencv_python3=ON 
-D CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES=x86_64 
-D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local 
-D PYTHON3_EXECUTABLE=${ANACONDA}/bin/python3 
-D PYTHON3_LIBRARY=${ANACONDA}/lib/libpython3.4m.dylib 
-D PYTHON3_INCLUDE_DIR=${ANACONDA}/include/python3.4m 
-D PYTHON3_NUMPY_INCLUDE_DIRS=${ANACONDA}/lib/python3.4/site-packages/numpy/core/include 
-D PYTHON3_PACKAGES_PATH=${ANACONDA}/lib/python3.4/site-packages ..

这座建筑似乎很成功。 构建opencv后我得到了libopencv_*.dylib文件。 但我无法导入cv2模块：

Python 3.4.1 |Anaconda 2.1.0 (x86_64)| (default, Sep 10 2014, 17:24:09)
[GCC 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5577)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import cv2
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: dlopen(/Users/scari/anaconda3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/cv2.so, 2): Library not loaded: libpython3.4m.dylib
  Referenced from: /Users/scari/anaconda3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/cv2.so
  Reason: image not found
>>>

这是sys.path输出：

>>> sys.path
['', '/Users/scari/anaconda3/lib/python34.zip', '/Users/scari/anaconda3/lib/python3.4', '/Users/scari/anaconda3/lib/python3.4/plat-darwin', '/Users/scari/anaconda3/lib/python3.4/lib-dynload', '/Users/scari/anaconda3/lib/python3.4/site-packages', '/Users/scari/anaconda3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/Sphinx-1.2.3-py3.4.egg', '/Users/scari/anaconda3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/runipy-0.1.1-py3.4.egg', '/Users/scari/anaconda3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/setuptools-5.8-py3.4.egg']

我应该先检查一下？

Answer 1

好的，我有完全相同的问题。

由于本教程，我修复了它： https ： //gist.github.com/welch/6468594

找不到libpython3.4m.dylib所以你应该用这个命令检查cv2.so ：

otool -L ~/anaconda3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/cv2.so

输出的前几行应该是这样的：

cv2.so:
cv2.so (compatibility version 0.0.0, current version 0.0.0)
libpython3.4m.dylib (compatibility version 3.4.0, current version 3.4.0)

问题是缺少libpython3.4m.dylib的绝对路径

您可以使用以下命令解决此问题：

sudo install_name_tool -change libpython3.4m.dylib ~/anaconda3/lib/libpython3.4m.dylib ~/anaconda3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/cv2.so

这对我来说在anaconda ipython笔记本中使用opencv 3和python 3