[英]How to grep all words with a specific letter in it?
我想在命令输出中找到与某些字母匹配的所有单词,例如,所有包含字母 d 或 D 的单词。
所以,只是为了看看 d 在哪里,我跑了(对不起,颜色的东西在这里不起作用):
~$ ls -l | grep -i 'd'
drwxrwxr-x 2 user user 4096 Fev 8 02:50 %%
drwxrwxr-x 2 user user 4096 Fev 8 02:53 cd
drwxr-xr-x 3 user user 4096 Fev 4 16:10 Desktop
drwxr-xr-x 4 user user 4096 Fev 9 23:26 Documents
drwxr-xr-x 3 user user 4096 Fev 4 23:48 Downloads
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 8980 Dez 14 01:07 examples.desktop
-rw-rw-r-- 1 user user 5 Dez 17 01:46 hud-cli
drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Dez 14 07:26 Music
drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Dez 14 07:26 Pictures
drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Dez 14 07:26 Public
drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Dez 14 07:26 Templates
drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Dez 14 07:26 Videos
drwxrwxr-x 2 user user 4096 Jan 28 00:18 VirtualBox VMs
现在,谁能向我解释为什么下面的命令不起作用,我应该使用哪一个?
~$ ls -l | grep -E -io '\b.+d.+\b'
drwxr-xr-x 3 user user 4096 Fev 4 16:10 Desktop
drwxr-xr-x 4 user user 4096 Fev 9 23:26 Documents
drwxr-xr-x 3 user user 4096 Fev 4 23:48 Downloads
rw-r--r-- 1 user user 8980 Dez 14 01:07 examples.desktop
rw-rw-r-- 1 user user 5 Dez 17 01:46 hud-cli
drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Dez 14 07:26 Music
drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Dez 14 07:26 Pictures
drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Dez 14 07:26 Public
drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Dez 14 07:26 Templates
drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Dez 14 07:26 Videos
正如你所看到的,我使用了 -o 选项,它仍然给我带来了整条线。 我认为 \\b 会限制匹配,直到有空格或其他特殊字符。
当我实际放置 [\\b\\ ] (边框或空格)时,它真的搞砸了。
~$ ls -l | grep -E -io '[\b\ ].+d.+[\b\ ]'
1 user user 8980 Dez 14 01:07
1 user user 5 Dez 17 01:46
2 user user 4096 Dez 14 07:26
2 user user 4096 Dez 14 07:26
2 user user 4096 Dez 14 07:26 Pub
2 user user 4096 Dez 14 07:26
2 user user 4096 Dez 14 07:26
1 user user 131072 Fev 3 01:18 volume header b
发生什么了??
编辑:命令ls -l | grep -E -io '\\b.+d.+\\b'
ls -l | grep -E -io '\\b.+d.+\\b'
遗漏一些匹配项,例如“Desktop”、“Documents”、“cd”,以及所有以 d 开头的实例,例如 Dez(December)月份,以及权限列,它们是目录(drwx ...)
~$ ls -l
total 204
drwxrwxr-x 2 user user 4096 Fev 8 02:50 %%
-rw-rw-r-- 1 user user 1043 Fev 9 23:06 allfiles.txt
drwxrwxr-x 2 user user 4096 Fev 8 02:53 cd
drwxr-xr-x 3 user user 4096 Fev 4 16:10 Desktop
drwxr-xr-x 4 user user 4096 Fev 9 23:26 Documents
drwxr-xr-x 3 user user 4096 Fev 4 23:48 Downloads
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 8980 Dez 14 01:07 examples.desktop
-rw-rw-r-- 1 user user 0 Fev 9 00:22 grep
-rw-rw-r-- 1 user user 5 Dez 17 01:46 hud-cli
-rw-rw-r-- 1 user user 2 Jan 27 23:43 log.txt
drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Dez 14 07:26 Music
drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Dez 14 07:26 Pictures
drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Dez 14 07:26 Public
-rw-rw-r-- 1 user user 0 Fev 3 01:02 tail
drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Dez 14 07:26 Templates
drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Dez 14 07:26 Videos
drwxrwxr-x 2 user user 4096 Jan 28 00:18 VirtualBox VMs
-rw-rw-r-- 1 user user 6 Fev 10 00:51 xargs
~$ ls -l | grep -E -io '\b[^ ]+d[^ ]+\b'
Downloads
examples.desktop
hud-cli
Videos
同意@melpomene,你需要,
ls -l | grep -E -io '\b[^ ]+d[^ ]+\b'
如果您想限制匹配直到有空间。
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