等效于Oracle NTH_VALUE函数

Question

让我们有以下数据

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[LogTable] ([DateSent] [datetime] NULL) 
GO
CREATE CLUSTERED INDEX [IX_LogTable_DateSent] ON [dbo].[LogTable] ([DateSent] DESC) 
GO

INSERT INTO [LogTable]
SELECT TOP 500000 NULL, DATEADD(day, ( ABS(CHECKSUM(NEWID())) % 65530 ), 0)
FROM sys.sysobjects
CROSS JOIN sys.all_columns

我想在DateSent找到每年第二低的值。 Oracle NTH_VALUE提供了NTH_VALUE函数，但是，SQL Server中没有这样的东西。 我创建了以下查询

SELECT YEAR(datesent),   
(
    SELECT datesent
    FROM 
    (
        SELECT datesent, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY datesent) r
        FROM logtable
        WHERE YEAR(datesent) = YEAR(lt.datesent)
    ) logtable_ranked
    WHERE logtable_ranked.r = 2
) second_lowest_in_year,
(
    SELECT datesent
    FROM 
    (
        SELECT datesent, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY datesent) r
        FROM logtable
        WHERE YEAR(datesent) = YEAR(lt.datesent)
    ) logtable_ranked
    WHERE logtable_ranked.r = 3
) thirt_lowest_in_year
FROM logtable lt
GROUP BY YEAR(datesent)

会返回正确的结果，但是在我的服务器上花费的CPU时间超过7秒。 而且，该解决方案的时间随着我需要的NTH值的增加而线性增加。 在SQL Server中是否有更好（更快，也许更优雅）的方法来计算NTH_VALUE？

Answer 1

使用row_number()和条件聚合：

SELECT YEAR(datesent),
       MAX(CASE WHEN seqnum = 1 THEN datesent END) AS datesent_1,
       MAX(CASE WHEN seqnum = 2 THEN datesent END) AS datesent_2,
       MAX(CASE WHEN seqnum = 3 THEN datesent END) AS datesent_3
FROM (SELECT datesent,
             ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY YEAR(datesent) ORDER BY datesent) AS seqnum
      FROM LogTable lt
     ) lt
GROUP BY YEAR(datesent)
ORDER BY YEAR(datesent);