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如何使用python将多个相同的键格式化为JSON？

[英]How do I format JSON's with multiple of the same keys with python?

 原文  2018-08-07 19:00:00  0   5    python/ json/ python-3.x

问题描述

我有一个程序，现在使用powershell脚本和WMI来获取温度和负载等数据。 它将数据输出为JSON文件。 现在让我先说这是我第一次使用JSON并且我对JSON python库不太熟悉。 这是我的程序的代码： 

import subprocess
import json

p = subprocess.Popen(["C:\\WINDOWS\\system32\\WindowsPowerShell\\v1.0\\powershell.exe", ". \"./TestScript\";", "&NSV"], stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
(output, err) = p.communicate()

data = json.loads(output)

for mNull in data:
    del mNull['Scope']
    del mNull['Path']
    del mNull['Options']
    del mNull['ClassPath']
    del mNull['Properties']
    del mNull['SystemProperties']
    del mNull['Qualifiers']
    del mNull['Site']
    del mNull['Container']
    del mNull['PSComputerName']
    del mNull['__GENUS']
    del mNull['__CLASS']
    del mNull['__SUPERCLASS']
    del mNull['__DYNASTY']
    del mNull['__RELPATH']
    del mNull['__PROPERTY_COUNT']
    del mNull['__DERIVATION']
    del mNull['__SERVER']
    del mNull['__NAMESPACE']
    del mNull['__PATH']

fdata = json.dumps(data,indent=2)

print(fdata)

现在这里是生成的JSON： 

[
  {
    "Name": "Memory",
    "SensorType": "Load",
    "Value": 53.3276978
  },
  {
    "Name": "CPU Core #2",
    "SensorType": "Temperature",
    "Value": 69
  },
  {
    "Name": "Used Space",
    "SensorType": "Load",
    "Value": 93.12801
  },
  {
    "Name": "CPU Core #1",
    "SensorType": "Temperature",
    "Value": 66
  },
  {
    "Name": "CPU DRAM",
    "SensorType": "Power",
    "Value": 1.05141532
  },
  {
    "Name": "CPU Core #2",
    "SensorType": "Load",
    "Value": 60.15625
  },
  {
    "Name": "CPU Package",
    "SensorType": "Power",
    "Value": 15.2162886
  },
  {
    "Name": "Bus Speed",
    "SensorType": "Clock",
    "Value": 100.000031
  },
  {
    "Name": "CPU Total",
    "SensorType": "Load",
    "Value": 57.421875
  },
  {
    "Name": "CPU Package",
    "SensorType": "Temperature",
    "Value": 69
  },
  {
    "Name": "CPU Core #2",
    "SensorType": "Clock",
    "Value": 2700.00073
  },
  {
    "Name": "Temperature",
    "SensorType": "Temperature",
    "Value": 41
  },
  {
    "Name": "Used Memory",
    "SensorType": "Data",
    "Value": 4.215393
  },
  {
    "Name": "Available Memory",
    "SensorType": "Data",
    "Value": 3.68930435
  },
  {
    "Name": "CPU Core #1",
    "SensorType": "Clock",
    "Value": 3100.001
  },
  {
    "Name": "CPU Cores",
    "SensorType": "Power",
    "Value": 13.3746643
  },
  {
    "Name": "CPU Graphics",
    "SensorType": "Power",
    "Value": 0.119861834
  },
  {
    "Name": "CPU Core #1",
    "SensorType": "Load",
    "Value": 54.6875
  }
]

如您所见，列表中的每个字典都有Name ， SensorType和Value 。

我想要做的是使每个列表的“标签”等于每个列表中的Name ，因此我可以一次调用一个特定条目的数据。 再一次，我是JSON及其库的新手，所以我甚至不确定这种事情是否可行。 任何帮助将不胜感激！ 祝你有美好的一天！ :)

编辑1：这是一个例子，使用前两个，我希望程序能够输出。 

[
  "Memory":{
    "SensorType": "Load",
    "Value": 53.3276978
  },
  "CPU Core #2":{
    "SensorType": "Temperature",
    "Value": 69
  }
]

再一次，我甚至不知道这是否是有效的JSON，但我希望它只是做一些至少类似的事情，所以我可以调用，例如， print(data["Memory"]["Value"])并返回， 53.3276978 。

编辑2：我确实发现有一些具有多种传感器类型的名称，例如， "CPU Core #1"和"CPU Core #2"都具有"Tempurature" ， "Load"和"Clock" 。 使用上面的例子可能会导致一些冲突，那么有什么方法可以解释这个问题？

5 个解决方案

解决方案1
 2 已采纳  2018-08-07 20:23:39

假设您需要保留值，如果密钥已存在： 

import json
data = [
{
    "Name": "Memory",
    "SensorType": "Load",
    "Value": 53.3276978
},
{
    "Name": "CPU Core #2",
    "SensorType": "Temperature",
    "Value": 69
},
{
    "Name": "Used Space",
    "SensorType": "Load",
    "Value": 93.12801
},
{
    "Name": "CPU Core #1",
    "SensorType": "Temperature",
    "Value": 66
},
{
    "Name": "CPU DRAM",
    "SensorType": "Power",
    "Value": 1.05141532
},
{
    "Name": "CPU Core #2",
    "SensorType": "Load",
    "Value": 60.15625
},
{
    "Name": "CPU Package",
    "SensorType": "Power",
    "Value": 15.2162886
},
{
    "Name": "Bus Speed",
    "SensorType": "Clock",
    "Value": 100.000031
},
{
    "Name": "CPU Total",
    "SensorType": "Load",
    "Value": 57.421875
},
{
    "Name": "CPU Package",
    "SensorType": "Temperature",
    "Value": 69
},
{
    "Name": "CPU Core #2",
    "SensorType": "Clock",
    "Value": 2700.00073
},
{
    "Name": "Temperature",
    "SensorType": "Temperature",
    "Value": 41
},
{
    "Name": "Used Memory",
    "SensorType": "Data",
    "Value": 4.215393
},
{
    "Name": "Available Memory",
    "SensorType": "Data",
    "Value": 3.68930435
},
{
    "Name": "CPU Core #1",
    "SensorType": "Clock",
    "Value": 3100.001
},
{
    "Name": "CPU Cores",
    "SensorType": "Power",
    "Value": 13.3746643
},
{
    "Name": "CPU Graphics",
    "SensorType": "Power",
    "Value": 0.119861834
},
{
    "Name": "CPU Core #1",
    "SensorType": "Load",
    "Value": 54.6875
}
]

final_data = {}

for d in data:
    if d['Name'] not in final_data:
        final_data[d['Name']] = list()

    key = d.pop('Name')
    final_data[key].append(temp)


print json.dumps(final_data,indent=4)

会给你 

{
"CPU Package": [
    {
        "SensorType": "Power",
        "Value": 15.2162886
    },
    {
        "SensorType": "Temperature",
        "Value": 69
    }
],
"Temperature": [
    {
        "SensorType": "Temperature",
        "Value": 41
    }
],
"CPU Core #2": [
    {
        "SensorType": "Temperature",
        "Value": 69
    },
    {
        "SensorType": "Load",
        "Value": 60.15625
    },
    {
        "SensorType": "Clock",
        "Value": 2700.00073
    }
],
"CPU Core #1": [
    {
        "SensorType": "Temperature",
        "Value": 66
    },
    {
        "SensorType": "Clock",
        "Value": 3100.001
    },
    {
        "SensorType": "Load",
        "Value": 54.6875
    }
],
"CPU Cores": [
    {
        "SensorType": "Power",
        "Value": 13.3746643
    }
],
"Available Memory": [
    {
        "SensorType": "Data",
        "Value": 3.68930435
    }
],
"Used Space": [
    {
        "SensorType": "Load",
        "Value": 93.12801
    }
],
"Bus Speed": [
    {
        "SensorType": "Clock",
        "Value": 100.000031
    }
],
"Memory": [
    {
        "SensorType": "Load",
        "Value": 53.3276978
    }
],
"Used Memory": [
    {
        "SensorType": "Data",
        "Value": 4.215393
    }
],
"CPU Total": [
    {
        "SensorType": "Load",
        "Value": 57.421875
    }
],
"CPU DRAM": [
    {
        "SensorType": "Power",
        "Value": 1.05141532
    }
],
"CPU Graphics": [
    {
        "SensorType": "Power",
        "Value": 0.119861834
    }
]
}

希望这可以帮助

解决方案2
 1  2018-08-07 20:11:46

你可以像这样建立一个你想要的形状的新字典： 

...
data = {
    element["Name"]: {
        key: value for key, value in element.items() if key != "Name"
    }
    for element in json.loads(output)
}
fdata = json.dumps(data, indent=4)
...

结果： 

{
    "Memory": {
        "SensorType": "Load",
        "Value": 53.3276978
    },
    "CPU Core #2": {
        "SensorType": "Clock",
        "Value": 2700.00073
    },
    (and so on)
}

解决方案3
 0  2018-08-07 20:14:43

x="""[
  {
    "Name": "Memory 1",
    "SensorType": "Load",
    "Value": 53.3276978
  },
  {
    "Name": "CPU Core #2",
    "SensorType": "Load",
    "Value": 53.3276978
  }]"""

json_obj=json.loads(x)

new_list=[]
for item in json_obj:
    name=item.pop('Name')
    new_list.append({name:item})

print(json.dumps(new_list,indent=4))

产量 

[
{
    "Memory 1": {
        "SensorType": "Load", 
        "Value": 53.3276978
    }
}, 
{
    "CPU Core #2": {
        "SensorType": "Load", 
        "Value": 53.3276978
    }
}
]

解决方案4
 0  2018-08-07 20:20:59

这个怎么样？ 

import json
orig_list = json.load(<filename>)
new_dict = { l['Name']:{k:v for k,v in l.items() if k!='Name'} for l in orig_list}
json.dumps(new_dict, <filename>)

这样，您就不必从文件中加载的dict del项目。

解决方案5
 0  2018-08-07 20:37:05

你可以替换 

for mNull in data:
    del mNull['Scope']
    del mNull['Path']
    del mNull['Options']
    del mNull['ClassPath']
    del mNull['Properties']
    del mNull['SystemProperties']
    del mNull['Qualifiers']
    del mNull['Site']
    del mNull['Container']
    del mNull['PSComputerName']
    del mNull['__GENUS']
    del mNull['__CLASS']
    del mNull['__SUPERCLASS']
    del mNull['__DYNASTY']
    del mNull['__RELPATH']
    del mNull['__PROPERTY_COUNT']
    del mNull['__DERIVATION']
    del mNull['__SERVER']
    del mNull['__NAMESPACE']
    del mNull['__PATH']

fdata = json.dumps(data,indent=2)

同 

dontwant=set(['Name', 'PSComputerName', '__RELPATH', '__DYNASTY', '__CLASS', '__PROPERTY_COUNT', 'Site', 'ClassPath', 'SystemProperties', 'Scope', 'Qualifiers', 'Options', '__NAMESPACE', 'Path', '__SUPERCLASS', '__DERIVATION', '__GENUS', '__PATH', 'Container', 'Properties', '__SERVER']) # set of keys to drop
out={} # empty dict
for mNull in data:
    name=mNull['Name']
    out[name]={key:value for key,value in mNull.items() if key not in dontwant} # only copy over items you want

fdata = json.dumps(out,indent=2)

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