pyclipper 安装错误：“tp_print 不是 _typeobject 的成员”

Question

我正在尝试安装 pyclipper 以与 nototools 一起使用。 https://github.com/googlefonts/nototools但是我无法安装 pyclipper。 我认为 Visual Studio buildtools 有一些东西。

Collecting pyclipper==1.1.0.post1
  Using cached pyclipper-1.1.0.post1.zip (135 kB)
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
    Preparing wheel metadata ... done
Building wheels for collected packages: pyclipper
  Building wheel for pyclipper (PEP 517) ... error
  ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
   command: 'c:\users\phuwi\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\python.exe' 'c:\users\phuwi\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pep517\_in_process.py' build_wheel 'C:\Users\phuwi\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpwa7t8eac'
       cwd: C:\Users\phuwi\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-ejg_l8me\pyclipper_be85d240fbf84e1388f6c535a16010eb
  Complete output (26 lines):
  Distribution mode: Compiling Cython generated .cpp sources.
  running bdist_wheel
  running build
  running build_ext
  building 'pyclipper' extension
  creating build
  creating build\temp.win-amd64-3.9
  creating build\temp.win-amd64-3.9\Release
  creating build\temp.win-amd64-3.9\Release\pyclipper
  C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\BuildTools\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.28.29333\bin\HostX86\x64\cl.exe /c /nologo /Ox /W3 /GL /DNDEBUG /MD -Ic:\users\phuwi\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\include -Ic:\users\phuwi\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\include -IC:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\BuildTools\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.28.29333\include -IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.18362.0\ucrt -IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.18362.0\shared -IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.18362.0\um -IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.18362.0\winrt -IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.18362.0\cppwinrt /EHsc /Tppyclipper/clipper.cpp /Fobuild\temp.win-amd64-3.9\Release\pyclipper/clipper.obj
  clipper.cpp
  C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\BuildTools\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.28.29333\bin\HostX86\x64\cl.exe /c /nologo /Ox /W3 /GL /DNDEBUG /MD -Ic:\users\phuwi\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\include -Ic:\users\phuwi\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\include -IC:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\BuildTools\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.28.29333\include -IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.18362.0\ucrt -IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.18362.0\shared -IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.18362.0\um -IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.18362.0\winrt -IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.18362.0\cppwinrt /EHsc /Tppyclipper/pyclipper.cpp /Fobuild\temp.win-amd64-3.9\Release\pyclipper/pyclipper.obj
  pyclipper.cpp
  pyclipper/pyclipper.cpp(7938): warning C4267: '=': conversion from 'size_t' to 'int', possible loss of data
  pyclipper/pyclipper.cpp(8068): warning C4267: '=': conversion from 'size_t' to 'int', possible loss of data
  pyclipper/pyclipper.cpp(9405): error C2039: 'tp_print': is not a member of '_typeobject'
  c:\users\phuwi\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\include\cpython/object.h(193): note: see declaration of '_typeobject'
  pyclipper/pyclipper.cpp(9413): error C2039: 'tp_print': is not a member of '_typeobject'
  c:\users\phuwi\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\include\cpython/object.h(193): note: see declaration of '_typeobject'
  pyclipper/pyclipper.cpp(9421): error C2039: 'tp_print': is not a member of '_typeobject'
  c:\users\phuwi\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\include\cpython/object.h(193): note: see declaration of '_typeobject'
  pyclipper/pyclipper.cpp(9427): error C2039: 'tp_print': is not a member of '_typeobject'
  c:\users\phuwi\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\include\cpython/object.h(193): note: see declaration of '_typeobject'
  pyclipper/pyclipper.cpp(10553): warning C4996: '_PyUnicode_get_wstr_length': deprecated in 3.3
  pyclipper/pyclipper.cpp(10569): warning C4996: '_PyUnicode_get_wstr_length': deprecated in 3.3
  error: command 'C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual Studio\\2019\\BuildTools\\VC\\Tools\\MSVC\\14.28.29333\\bin\\HostX86\\x64\\cl.exe' failed with exit code 2
  ----------------------------------------
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for pyclipper
Failed to build pyclipper
ERROR: Could not build wheels for pyclipper which use PEP 517 and cannot be installed directly ```

Answer 1

tp_print方法已从 Python 3.9 中的 API 中删除。 错误“ 'tp_print': is not a member of '_typeobject' ”表示代码适用于 Python <= 3.8。

降级到 Python 3.8 并重试。

更新。 pyclipper刚刚发布了带有轮子的 1.2.1 版Python 3.9。

PS。 永远不要急于更新 Python 的主要版本，等到所有 3rd 方库都适应。

Answer 2

正如@phd 正确指出的那样， tp_print从 Python 3.9 开始删除。 然而，在这个（和其他类似的问题）中，C/C++ 代码是由 Cython 生成的，而不是手写的。 Cython 用于制作扩展模块的好处之一是它可以维护并跟上 Python 中的更改。 因此，只需使用最新版本的 Cython 重新生成 C/C++ 代码，即可轻松使模块再次兼容。

对于这种特定情况，PyClipper 包含两种构建模块的方法： https://github.com/fonttools/pyclipper/blob/master/README.rst#install 。 第一个只编译预生成的 C++ 代码，而第二个使用 Cython 重新生成 C++ 代码。 使用第二种方法重建它会解决你的问题。

碰巧的是，PyClipper 现在已经更新了他们自己的模块，因此不再需要这样做，但是对于因类似错误而失败的其他模块，值得考虑使用更新版本的 Cython 重新生成 C/C++ 代码。

Answer 3

对我来说，解决方案非常简单。 在buildozer.spec文件中放入以下要求，其中版本号（即 3.6.9）与我在系统上安装的 python 版本匹配

# (list) Application requirements
# comma separated e.g. requirements = sqlite3,kivy
requirements = python3==3.6.9, hostpython3==3.6.9

这消除了我所有的 cython 错误，builodozer 完成了构建，所以我在 bin 中有一个文件可以安装。

作为警告，对我来说故事还没有结束； 然后它导致这个错误，我一直无法找到解决方案..