使用 pip 安装 TensorFlow 时出错

Question

当我尝试安装 TensorFlow 时出现此错误：

(venv) olivierskonieczny@MacBook-Pro-olivier AI % python3 -m pip install tensorflow-macos

Collecting tensorflow-macos
  Using cached tensorflow_macos-2.7.0-cp38-cp38-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl (179.0 MB)
....
....
....
Building wheels for collected packages: h5py
  Building wheel for h5py (pyproject.toml) ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error
  
  × Building wheel for h5py (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [7 lines of output]
      running bdist_wheel
      running build
      running build_py
      running build_ext
      Loading library to get build settings and version: libhdf5.dylib
      error: Unable to load dependency HDF5, make sure HDF5 is installed properly
      error: dlopen(libhdf5.dylib, 0x0006): tried: 'libhdf5.dylib' (no such file), '/usr/lib/libhdf5.dylib' (no such file), '/private/var/folders/rh/4d7_g4zj06l16r4kl40s7rcm0000gn/T/pip-install-bukptyvu/h5py_993a67c380d14b6788f3e17bb8badb62/libhdf5.dylib' (no such file), '/usr/lib/libhdf5.dylib' (no such file)
      [end of output]
  
  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for h5py
Failed to build h5py
ERROR: Could not build wheels for h5py, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects

我尝试安装 p5py、PEP517，但仍然没有任何效果。

% pip --version
pip 22.0.2 from /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip (python 3.8)

如您所见，我有最新的 pip 版本。

我正在使用 Mac OS X 最新版本的 MacBookPro 和 M1

请帮我？

Answer 1

我有一台带 M1 Pro 芯片的 MacBook Pro，我遇到了和你一样的问题。 目前我找到的唯一解决方案是使用带有 conda 的环境。

这对我有帮助： https://caffeenedev.medium.com/how-to-install-tensorflow-on-m1-mac-8e9b91d93706

这是我为让它工作所做的

1.安装Xcode（我几个小时）

来自应用商店：

https://apps.apple.com/fr/app/xcode/id497799835?mt=12

或者

使用命令行：

xcode-select --install

2.下载迷你锻造

https://github.com/conda-forge/miniforge/releases/latest/download/Miniforge3-MacOSX-arm64.sh

3.在你之前下载文件的目录下

chmod +x Miniforge3-MacOSX-arm64.sh

4. 执行 Miniforge

./Miniforge3-MacOSX-arm64.sh

按回车，是的，回车...安装完成！

5.关闭基础环境

conda config --set auto_activate_base false

6.创造环境

conda create --name conda_tf python=3.8

7.使用之前的环境

conda activate conda_tf

8.安装tensorflow依赖

conda install -c apple tensorflow-deps

9.安装tensorflow

 pip install tensorflow-macos

记住：

脱离环境：

conda deactivate

从环境进入：

conda activate conda_tf

Answer 2

我通过遵循 Apple 开发人员文档来解决此问题： https://developer.apple.com/metal/tensorflow-plugin/