在 class python 和 kivy 中打印彩色字符串

Question

没有 CLASS 的代码

import sys
from termcolor import colored
string="admin"
lista=["W","W","W","W","G"]
string1=""
for i in range(5):
    if lista[i]=="W":
        string1+=colored(string[i],'red')
    elif lista[i]=="G":
        string1+=colored(string[i],'green')
    else:
        string1+=colored(string[i],'blue')
print(string1)

使用此代码，我可以根据相应索引中的列表变量打印出特定颜色的字母。 然而：

.PY文件

import kivy
kivy.require('1.11.1')
from kivy.app import App
from kivy.config import Config
from kivy.core.window import Window
from kivy.uix.widget import Widget
from kivy.lang import Builder
from kivy.uix.relativelayout import RelativeLayout
from kivy.uix.gridlayout import GridLayout
from kivy.uix.screenmanager import ScreenManager, Screen
from kivy.uix.textinput import TextInput
from kivy.uix.label import Label
from kivy.app import App
from random import choice
from termcolor import colored

Builder.load_file('GuessWord.kv')


class GuessWord(Widget):
    words=["words","crown","ideal"]
    word=choice(words)
    attempts=0
    listofguesses=[]
    accuratecolor=[]
    
    def ClearLetters(self):
        t1=self.ids['t1']
        t2=self.ids['t2']
        t3=self.ids['t3']
        t4=self.ids['t4']
        t5=self.ids['t5']
        listofletters=[t1,t2,t3,t4,t5]
        for i in range(5):
            listofletters[i].background_color=(1,1,1,1)
            listofletters[i].text=""
        
    def StartGame(self):
        self.attempts=0        
        self.word=choice(self.words)
        l1=self.ids['OUTPUT']
        l1.text=""
        listofletters=[]
        for i in range(5):
            name="t"+str(i)
            letter=self.ids[name]
            listofletters.append(name)
              
        for i in range(5):
            listofletters[i].background_color=(1,1,1,1)
            listofletters[i].text=""
        self.listofguesses=[]
        l2=self.ids['ATTEMPTS']
        l2.text=""
    
    def ShowPreviousWord(self):
        t1=self.ids['t1']
        t2=self.ids['t2']
        t3=self.ids['t3']
        t4=self.ids['t4']
        t5=self.ids['t5']
        listofletters=[t1,t2,t3,t4,t5]
        string=""
        for i in listofletters:
            string+=i.text
        coloredstring=""
        print(string)
        print(self.accuratecolor)
        
        for i in range(len(string)):
            if self.accuratecolor[i]=="W":
                coloredstring+=colored(string[i],'white')
            elif self.accuratecolor[i]=="Y":
                coloredstring+=colored(string[i],'yellow')
            elif self.accuratecolor[i]=="G":
                coloredstring+=colored(string[i],'green')            
        print(coloredstring)
        self.listofguesses.append(coloredstring)
        attempts=""
        for i in range(len(self.listofguesses)):
            attempts+=f'Attempt {i+1}: {self.listofguesses[i]}\n'           
        l1=self.ids['ATTEMPTS']
        l1.text=attempts
        
        
        
            
        
        
    def Check(self):
        self.attempts+=1
        t1=self.ids['t1']
        t2=self.ids['t2']
        t3=self.ids['t3']
        t4=self.ids['t4']
        t5=self.ids['t5']
        listofletters=[t1,t2,t3,t4,t5]
        outputstring=""
        accurateletters=0
        accuratecolor=[]
        for i in range(5):
            listofletters[i].background_color=(1,1,1,1)
        for i in range(len(listofletters)):
            if listofletters[i].text.lower()=="":
                outputstring+=f'You have not filled {i+1} letter\n'
                accuratecolor.append("W")
            elif listofletters[i].text.lower() in self.word:
                if listofletters[i].text.lower() == self.word[i]:
                    accuratecolor.append("G")
                    listofletters[i].background_color=(0, 255/256, 0, 1)
                    accurateletters+=1
                    outputstring+=f'{listofletters[i].text.upper()} - letter in accurate spot\n'
                else:
                    accuratecolor.append("Y")
                    listofletters[i].background_color=(228/256, 245/256, 39/256, 1)
                    outputstring+=f'{listofletters[i].text.upper()} - letter is in word, but not in this spot\n'
            else:
                accuratecolor.append("W")
                outputstring+=f'{listofletters[i].text.upper()} - no letter in the word\n'
                listofletters[i].bacground_color=(1,1,1,1)
        l1=self.ids['OUTPUT']
        l2=self.ids['ATTEMPTS']
        self.accuratecolor=accuratecolor
        if accurateletters==5:
            l1.text=f'You have won! You guessed the word after {self.attempts} attempts'
            l2.text=""
        else:
            l1.text=outputstring
        
        
        


class GuessWordApp(App):
    def build(self):
        return GuessWord()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    GuessWordApp().run()

.KV文件

<GuessWord>   
    RelativeLayout:
        size: root.width, root.height
        Label:
            pos_hint: {'center_x':0.5,'y':0.7}
            size_hint: 0.2,0.2
            text: "Guess the word!"
        Button:
            pos_hint: {'center_x':0.5,'y':0.67}
            size_hint: 0.5,0.1
            text: "Click here to start!"
            on_press: root.StartGame()
        GridLayout:
            id: word
            cols:5
            pos_hint:{'center_x':0.5,'y':0.5}
            size_hint:(1,0.15)                    
            TextInput:
                halign: "center"
                font_size: 70
                id: t1
                multiline: False
                focus: True
                on_text: t2.focus = True                    
            TextInput:
                halign: "center"
                font_size: 70
                id: t2 
                multiline: False
                on_text: t3.focus = True               
            TextInput:
                halign: "center"
                font_size: 70
                id: t3
                multiline: False
                on_text: t4.focus = True 
            TextInput:
                halign: "center"
                font_size: 70
                id: t4
                multiline: False
                on_text: t5.focus = True 
            TextInput:
                halign: "center"
                font_size: 70
                id: t5
                multiline: False
                on_text:
                    root.Check()
                    root.ShowPreviousWord()
                    t1.focus = True 
        GridLayout:
            cols:1
            pos_hint:{'center_x':0.5,'y':0.3}
            size_hint:(1,0.2)
            Button: 
                pos_hint:{'center_x':0.5,'y':0.4}
                text: "Check if it's your word!"
                on_press: 
                    root.Check()
                    root.ShowPreviousWord()
                    
                    
        Label:
            pos_hint:{'center_x':0.5,'y':-0.35}
            id: OUTPUT
        Label:
            pos_hint:{'center_x':0.2,'y':-0.35}
            id:ATTEMPTS

主要关注 function ShowPreviousWord in.py 文件，在 function 的开头（开始，同时放置 5 个字母中的最后一个字母）它被赋予一个要打印的字符串，并且从不同的 function 传递颜色列表。该代码与没有 class 时完全相同，但是打印结果不同。

例如，对于单词 "admin" 和 list=["W","W","W","W","G"] 它会打印出： ←[37ma←[0m←[37md←[0m←[ 37mm←[0m←[37mi←[0m←[32mn←[0m

同时，第一个代码按照我的意愿工作。 为了增加问题，我想将彩色字符串传递给 kivy label 并在屏幕上显示。 为什么它不起作用？

Answer 1

这里着色是使用Label的markup道具完成的。 并使用新的 function 设置颜色（十六进制）。

先定义一个function，用于设置颜色（color）为，

def set_color(letter, color):
    COLORS_DICT  = {"W" : "ffffff", "Y" : "ffff00", "G" : "00ff00"}
    c = COLORS_DICT.get(color, "W")
    return f"[color={c}]{letter}[/color]"

现在在方法ShowPreviousWord中使用它，

    def ShowPreviousWord(self):
        ...
        print(string)
        print(self.accuratecolor)

        coloredstring = "".join((set_color(l, c) for l, c in zip(string, self.accuratecolor)))

        print(coloredstring)
        ...

最后，激活Label中的markup进行渲染，

        Label:
            pos_hint:{'center_x':0.2,'y':-0.35}
            id:ATTEMPTS
            markup: True