使用 pip 安装 Mayavi - 没有名为 vtk 的模块

Question

我想使用 Mayavi。

情况

• 我使用装有 OSX 10.7.3 的 MacBook Air。
• 我使用 Python 2.7.2
• 我安装了virtualenv 。 但是我没有将它用于此安装。

我已经手动安装了它的所有依赖项，包括VTK 。

对于VTK ，我按照其安装指南安装了 python 包装器。

现在，如果我打开一个新的终端 window 并打开 python，我可以毫无错误地导入vtk 。

问题

我尝试使用以下命令安装 Mayavi：

pip install mayavi

但是出现以下错误：

Downloading/unpacking mayavi
  Running setup.py egg_info for package mayavi
    build_src
    building extension "tvtk.array_ext" sources
    building data_files sources
    build_src: building npy-pkg config files

    no previously-included directories found matching 'artwork'
    no previously-included directories found matching 'docs/pdf'
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): apptools in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from mayavi)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): traits in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from mayavi)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): traitsui in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from mayavi)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): configobj in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from apptools->mayavi)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): pyface in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from traitsui->mayavi)
Installing collected packages: mayavi
  Running setup.py install for mayavi
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
      File "/Users/Yasser/build/mayavi/setup.py", line 498, in <module>
        **config
      File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/numpy-1.6.1-py2.7-macosx-10.7-intel.egg/numpy/distutils/core.py", line 186, in setup
        return old_setup(**new_attr)
      File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/distutils/core.py", line 152, in setup
        dist.run_commands()
      File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/distutils/dist.py", line 953, in run_commands
        self.run_command(cmd)
      File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/distutils/dist.py", line 972, in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/numpy-1.6.1-py2.7-macosx-10.7-intel.egg/numpy/distutils/command/install.py", line 57, in run
        r = self.setuptools_run()
      File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/numpy-1.6.1-py2.7-macosx-10.7-intel.egg/numpy/distutils/command/install.py", line 31, in setuptools_run
        return old_install_mod._install.run(self)
      File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/distutils/command/install.py", line 573, in run
        self.run_command('build')
      File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/distutils/cmd.py", line 326, in run_command
        self.distribution.run_command(command)
      File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/distutils/dist.py", line 972, in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "/Users/Yasser/build/mayavi/setup.py", line 303, in run
        build_tvtk_classes_zip()
      File "/Users/Yasser/build/mayavi/setup.py", line 290, in build_tvtk_classes_zip
        gen_tvtk_classes_zip()
      File "tvtk/setup.py", line 46, in gen_tvtk_classes_zip
        from code_gen import TVTKGenerator
      File "tvtk/code_gen.py", line 10, in <module>
        import vtk
    ImportError: No module named vtk
    Complete output from command /usr/bin/python -c "import setuptools;__file__='/Users/Yasser/build/mayavi/setup.py';exec(compile(open(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --single-version-externally-managed --record /var/folders/53/_trhc_0x0fb6kvx6bw_wrk500000gn/T/pip-Z4hpsW-record/install-record.txt:
    running install

running build

Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "<string>", line 1, in <module>

  File "/Users/Yasser/build/mayavi/setup.py", line 498, in <module>

    **config

  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/numpy-1.6.1-py2.7-macosx-10.7-intel.egg/numpy/distutils/core.py", line 186, in setup

    return old_setup(**new_attr)

  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/distutils/core.py", line 152, in setup

    dist.run_commands()

  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/distutils/dist.py", line 953, in run_commands

    self.run_command(cmd)

  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/distutils/dist.py", line 972, in run_command

    cmd_obj.run()

  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/numpy-1.6.1-py2.7-macosx-10.7-intel.egg/numpy/distutils/command/install.py", line 57, in run

    r = self.setuptools_run()

  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/numpy-1.6.1-py2.7-macosx-10.7-intel.egg/numpy/distutils/command/install.py", line 31, in setuptools_run

    return old_install_mod._install.run(self)

  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/distutils/command/install.py", line 573, in run

    self.run_command('build')

  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/distutils/cmd.py", line 326, in run_command

    self.distribution.run_command(command)

  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/distutils/dist.py", line 972, in run_command

    cmd_obj.run()

  File "/Users/Yasser/build/mayavi/setup.py", line 303, in run

    build_tvtk_classes_zip()

  File "/Users/Yasser/build/mayavi/setup.py", line 290, in build_tvtk_classes_zip

    gen_tvtk_classes_zip()

  File "tvtk/setup.py", line 46, in gen_tvtk_classes_zip

    from code_gen import TVTKGenerator

  File "tvtk/code_gen.py", line 10, in <module>

    import vtk

ImportError: No module named vtk

----------------------------------------
Command /usr/bin/python -c "import setuptools;__file__='/Users/Yasser/build/mayavi/setup.py';exec(compile(open(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --single-version-externally-managed --record /var/folders/53/_trhc_0x0fb6kvx6bw_wrk500000gn/T/pip-Z4hpsW-record/install-record.txt failed with error code 1 in /Users/Yasser/build/mayavi
Storing complete log in /Users/Yasser/Library/Logs/pip.log
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/bin/pip", line 8, in <module>
    load_entry_point('pip==1.1', 'console_scripts', 'pip')()
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-1.1-py2.7.egg/pip/__init__.py", line 116, in main
    return command.main(args[1:], options)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-1.1-py2.7.egg/pip/basecommand.py", line 141, in main
    log_fp = open_logfile(log_fn, 'w')
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-1.1-py2.7.egg/pip/basecommand.py", line 168, in open_logfile
    log_fp = open(filename, mode)
IOError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/Users/Yasser/Library/Logs/pip.log'

我认为问题出在vtk上。

谁能帮我？

其他详情

运行sudo pip install mayavi并不能解决问题。

我认为这可能有帮助

› which python
/usr/local/bin/python

› python
Python 2.7.2 (default, Feb 17 2012, 13:57:55) 
[GCC 4.2.1 (Based on Apple Inc. build 5658) (LLVM build 2335.15.00)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import vtk
>>> vtk
<module 'vtk' from '/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/VTK-5.10.0-py2.7.egg/vtk/__init__.pyc'>
>>> 

我的PYTHONPATH是空的。

Answer 1

我在 Debian 上，但这也适用于你

我一直坚持将 vtk 安装到 virtualenv 中，经过数小时的搜索但没有结果，我执行了以下操作并且成功了。

1. 从系统范围的存储库安装 python-vtk

2. 将 vtk 文件夹从 /usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7 复制到 /PATH/TO/YOUR/VIRTUALENV/lib/python2.7/site-packages

在您的情况下，系统范围的 python 包文件夹可能会有所不同，但您可以通过启动系统 python 并输入以下内容轻松找到它：

import vtk,sys
print(sys.modules['vtk'])

在这个技巧之后，使用 pip install mayavi 和 pip installvisage 成功地将 mayavi 安装到我的 virtualenv 中。

编辑：与其复制，不如在步骤 2 中对文件夹进行符号链接

Answer 2

您的pip可能使用了不同的python ，您使用/usr/local/bin/python安装了vtk ，而您的pip二进制文件使用/usr/bin/python 。

检查：

$ head -n1 $(which pip)

为了解决它，您可以选择使用virtualenv ，或使用/usr/local/bin/python安装pip ：

curl https://raw.github.com/pypa/pip/master/contrib/get-pip.py | /usr/local/bin/python

有关更多安装说明，请参阅http://www.pip-installer.org/en/latest/installing.html

Answer 3

我遇到了同样的问题，第一个答案对我没有帮助，因为 pip 在正确的目录中，但结果我没有安装 vtk - 运行 sudo apt-get install python-vtk 解决了这个问题，我能够之后成功运行 pip install mayavi 。

Answer 4

我在 pyenv 中安装了 python 的情况下安装 mayavi 时遇到了同样的问题，我通过将目录复制到/home/myname/.pyenv/versions/2.7.12/lib/python2.7/site-packages解决了这个问题，下面是我的方法：

1. 安装vtk和python-vtk

    sudo apt-get install vtk6 sudo apt-get install python-vtk

2. 尝试python -c "import vtk" ，如果再次失败，请转到步骤 3

3. 导入错误可能是您当前python中vtk包文件夹丢失造成的，因此我们应该找到vtk文件夹并将其复制到您当前python（最有可能是pyenv shims目录中的python）的目录中。

   我的 ubuntu 中 vtk 文件夹的路径是

   /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/vtk

   只需将vtk文件夹复制到您当前的 python 的/site-packages ，例如

   cp -r /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/vtk /home/myname/pyenv/versions/2.7.12/lib/python2.7/site-packages

4. 再次尝试python -c "import vtk" 。

5. 如果没有导入错误，就做

   pip install mayavi

Answer 5

坚持了好几次sudo install，终于解决了，不知道怎么解释。

sudo python2 -m pip install mayavi

sudo python3 -m pip install mayavi

更新

我无法通过pip为笔记本电脑安装。 然后我安装最新的mayavi

git clone https://github.com/enthought/mayavi.git
cd mayavi
pip install -r requirements.txt
pip install PyQt5  # replace this with any supported toolkit
python setup.py install  # or develop

安装后。 测试

mayavi2

然后报告说找不到module PyQt5.Qtsvg ，所以

sudo apt install python3-pyqt5.qtsvg

现在它起作用了。

Answer 6

我在 Windows10 上遇到了同样的问题。 原来numpy应该是在mayavi使用pip之前安装的。

Answer 7

我使用 Homebrew 安装了 vtk：

$ brew install vtk

希望这可以帮助。