如何將 function 應用於特定列

Question

我有一個示例數據框，如下所示：

well <- c('A1','A2','A3','A4','A5')
area <- c(21000, 23400, 26800,70000,8000)
length <- c(21, 234, 26,70,22)
group<-c('WT','Control','C2','D2','E1')

data <- data.frame(well,area,length,group)

我想應用下面的 function 從數據框中刪除具有異常值的行：

Outlier <- function(x){
  low <- median(x, na.rm=TRUE)-5*(mad(x)) 
  high <- median(x, na.rm=TRUE)+5*(mad(x))   
  out <- if_else(x > high, NA,ifelse(x < low, low, x)) 
  out }

如何將此 function 應用於 dataframe，不包括某些列，例如列“well”和“group”？

Answer 1

我們可以在base R中使用lapply

data[c('area', 'length')] <- lapply(data[c('area', 'length')], Outlier)

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或與dplyr

library(dplyr) # 1.0.0
data %>% 
     mutate(across(area:length, Outlier))
#    well  area length   group
#1   A1 21000     21      WT
#2   A2 23400     NA Control
#3   A3 26800     26      C2
#4   A4    NA     NA      D2
#5   A5  8000     22      E1

注意：確保在“異常值”function 中將NA更改為NA_real_

Outlier <- function(x){
  low <- median(x, na.rm=TRUE)-5*(mad(x)) 
  high <- median(x, na.rm=TRUE)+5*(mad(x))   
  out <- if_else(x > high, NA_real_,ifelse(x < low, low, x)) 
  out }