如何在for循环中添加不同大小的numpy数组条目（类似于Matlab的单元格数组）？

Question

I'm trying to implement an analouge to Matlab's cell array in python \\ numpy. The Matlab code would go like that :

for n=1:10
    C{n} = rand(1,n);
end

Note that each cell element has a different length. Now in numpy:

for n in np.arange(10):
    C[n] = np.random.rand(1,n)

and I get an error, what can I do to implement this?

Answer 1

In most simple cases, you could just use a standard Python list. They are pretty similar to Matlab cell-arrays, you can use them to store anything:

C = []
for n in np.arange(10):
    C.append(np.random.rand(1,n))

This would be a good option if the list is not too long and if it only has a single dimension (so just a vector). Note that in Python, you typically do not pre-allocate a list of the final size, but simply append to an empty list. Python lists are optimized for appending to the end, they already do some sort of pre-allocation under the hood.

If you are translating Matlab code with cell-arrays of multiple dimensions, or ones that are very large, you could use numpy arrays with dtype=object :

m, n = 3, 6
C = np.empty((m, n), dtype=object)
for i in xrange(m):
    for j in xrange(n):
        C[i, j] = np.random.rand(i, j)

Answer 2

You are using a list there. So, before indexing into it with [n] inside that loop, you need to initialize that list. One of the ways to initialize a list is like this -

C = [None]*10 # Here 10 is the length of the list