[英]How can I handle an “orphaned hole” in a polygon shapefile in R or ArcGIS?
I am trying to make a spatial overlay between two polygons ("grd" and "range") using the over function (rgeos). 我试图使用over函数(rgeos)在两个多边形(“grd”和“range”)之间进行空间叠加。
This code works for all files but one: 此代码适用于所有文件但只有一个:
range.grd.overlay <- grd[!is.na(over(grd, range)), ]@data$grdID # get gridcells that overlap with range
and get this error message: 并收到此错误消息:
Error in createPolygonsComment(p) :
rgeos_PolyCreateComment: orphaned hole, cannot find containing polygon for hole at index 9
I understand that there is a hole without a surrounding polygon somewhere in the shapefile, but I can't figure out how to work around it. 我知道shapefile中有一个没有周围多边形的洞,但我无法弄清楚如何解决它。 Can I simply delete the hole at index 9 ?
我可以简单地删除索引9处的洞吗? How ?
怎么样 ? If you have a solution to fix the shapefile in ArcGIS that would also be fine for me.
如果您有一个解决方案来修复ArcGIS中的shapefile,那对我来说也没问题。
Thanks a lot in advance for your help !! 非常感谢您的帮助!
Regards, Carsten 此致,卡斯滕
Both grd
and range
are of the class SpatialPolygonsDataFrame
. grd
和range
都属于SpatialPolygonsDataFrame
类。
range
has a structure like this: range
有这样的结构:
> str(range)
Formal class 'SpatialPolygonsDataFrame' [package "sp"] with 5 slots
..@ data :'data.frame': 3 obs. of 17 variables:
.. ..$ OBJECTID : int [1:3] 725 726 727
.. ..$ SPCRECID : int [1:3] 3313 3313 3313
.. ..$ DATE_ : Factor w/ 1 level "19/10/2009": 1 1 1
.. ..$ SCINAME : Factor w/ 1 level "Synthliboramphus antiquus": 1 1 1
.. ..$ SOURCE : Factor w/ 1 level "Gaston & Jones, 1998; Brazil, 2009": 1 1 1
.. ..$ PRESENCE : int [1:3] 1 1 1
.. ..$ ORIGIN : int [1:3] 1 1 1
.. ..$ SEASONAL : int [1:3] 2 1 3
.. ..$ DATA_SENS : Factor w/ 0 levels: NA NA NA
.. ..$ SENS_COMM : Factor w/ 0 levels: NA NA NA
.. ..$ COMPILER : Factor w/ 1 level "Philip Taylor (BirdLife International)": 1 1 1
.. ..$ TAX_COM : Factor w/ 0 levels: NA NA NA
.. ..$ DIST_COM : Factor w/ 0 levels: NA NA NA
.. ..$ REVIEWERS : Factor w/ 0 levels: NA NA NA
.. ..$ CITATION : Factor w/ 1 level "BirdLife International and Natureserve (2011) Bird species distribution maps of the world.": 1 1 1
.. ..$ SHAPE_Leng: num [1:3] 190 209 1240
.. ..$ SHAPE_Area: num [1:3] 39 16.6 600.8
.. ..- attr(*, "data_types")= chr [1:17] "N" "N" "C" "C" ...
..@ polygons :List of 3
.. ..$ :Formal class 'Polygons' [package "sp"] with 5 slots
.. .. .. ..@ Polygons :List of 138
.. .. .. .. ..$ :Formal class 'Polygon' [package "sp"] with 5 slots
.. .. .. .. .. .. ..@ labpt : num [1:2] 178.6 51.8
.. .. .. .. .. .. ..@ area : num 4.58
.. .. .. .. .. .. ..@ hole : logi FALSE
.. .. .. .. .. .. ..@ ringDir: int 1
.. .. .. .. .. .. ..@ coords : num [1:49, 1:2] 180 180 179 179 179 ...
.. .. .. .. ..$ :Formal class 'Polygon' [package "sp"] with 5 slots
.. .. .. .. .. .. ..@ labpt : num [1:2] -172.2 52.6
... and so on. ... 等等。
grd
has a structure like this: grd
有这样的结构:
> str(grd)
Formal class 'SpatialPolygonsDataFrame' [package "sp"] with 5 slots
..@ data :'data.frame': 40680 obs. of 12 variables:
.. ..$ ID : int [1:40680] 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 ...
.. ..$ X_COORD : num [1:40680] -180 -178 -178 -176 -176 ...
.. ..$ Y_COORD : num [1:40680] 79.1 79.1 79.1 79.1 79.1 ...
.. ..$ ID_1 : Factor w/ 13713 levels "10","10000","10001",..: NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA ...
.. ..$ grdID : int [1:40680] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ...
.. ..$ ROW : int [1:40680] 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
.. ..$ COL : int [1:40680] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ...
.. ..$ AREA : num [1:40680] 12364 12364 12364 12364 12364 ...
.. ..$ PERIMETER : num [1:40680] 445 445 445 445 445 ...
.. ..$ MAJORITY : int [1:40680] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
.. ..$ PROP0_0062: num [1:40680] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
.. ..$ AREA_KM2 : num [1:40680] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
.. ..- attr(*, "data_types")= chr [1:12] "N" "N" "N" "C" ...
..@ polygons :List of 40680
.. ..$ :Formal class 'Polygons' [package "sp"] with 5 slots
.. .. .. ..@ Polygons :List of 1
.. .. .. .. ..$ :Formal class 'Polygon' [package "sp"] with 5 slots
.. .. .. .. .. .. ..@ labpt : num [1:2] -179.5 79.1
.. .. .. .. .. .. ..@ area : num 5.3
.. .. .. .. .. .. ..@ hole : logi FALSE
.. .. .. .. .. .. ..@ ringDir: int 1
.. .. .. .. .. .. ..@ coords : num [1:13, 1:2] -179 -180 -180 -180 -180 ...
.. .. .. ..@ plotOrder: int 1
.. .. .. ..@ labpt : num [1:2] -179.5 79.1
... and so on. ... 等等。
I found this help from Roger Bivand and this worked for two out of three problematic files: 我从Roger Bivand那里找到了这个帮助,这对三个有问题的文件中的两个有用 :
>slot(shape.input, "polygons") <- lapply(slot(shape.input, "polygons"), checkPolygonsHoles)
>range.grd.overlay <- grd[!is.na(over(grd, range)), ]@data$grdID # get gridcells of that overlay with range polygon
but for the third file the fixing did not work. 但对于第三个文件,修复不起作用。 R would freeze until I eventually pressed Esc, after which I would get the same error message when trying to make the spatial overlay:
R会冻结,直到我最终按下Esc,之后我会在尝试制作空间叠加时得到相同的错误消息:
Error in createPolygonsComment(p) :
rgeos_PolyCreateComment: orphaned hole, cannot find containing polygon for hole at index 13
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