Texturing multiple objects with different textures

Question

Could some one explain for me how can I render multiple objects with different textures in OpenGL?

I think that I'm nearly to the final result but at the moment I got stuck here and I don't know what I need to do next. Really need some helps!

At the moment this is what I have:

1. drawSphere(): draw an UV sphere based on number of longs and lats

   int numberOfVerices = 0;

    for(int i = 0; i <= lats; i++) { double lat0 = M_PI * (-0.5 + (double) (i - 1) / lats); double z0 = sin(lat0); double zr0 = cos(lat0); double lat1 = M_PI * (-0.5 + (double) i / lats); double z1 = sin(lat1); double zr1 = cos(lat1); for(int j = 0; j <= longs; j++) { double lng = 2 * M_PI * (double) (j - 1) / longs; double x = cos(lng); double y = sin(lng); glNormal3f(x * zr0, y * zr0, z0); vertices.push_back(x * zr0); vertices.push_back(y * zr0); vertices.push_back(z0); indices.push_back(numberOfVerices); numberOfVerices++; vertices.push_back(x * zr1); vertices.push_back(y * zr1); vertices.push_back(z1); indices.push_back(numberOfVerices); numberOfVerices++; } indices.push_back(GL_PRIMITIVE_RESTART_FIXED_INDEX); } 

2. SetupGeometry(): this method is used to bind vertices and texture coordinates.

drawSphere(300, 300);

glGenBuffers(1, &vboVertex);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vboVertex);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertices.size() * sizeof(GLfloat), &vertices[0], GL_STATIC_DRAW);
glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, NULL);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);

glGenBuffers(1, &vboTexture);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vboTexture);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, texture.size() * sizeof(GLfloat), &texture[0], GL_STATIC_DRAW);
glVertexAttribPointer(1, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);

glGenBuffers(1, &vboIndex);
glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, vboIndex);
glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, indices.size() * sizeof(GLuint), &indices[0], GL_STATIC_DRAW);

numsToDraw = indices.size();
nums = indices.size();

3. SetupShader(): create shader and compile shader

char text[1000]; int length;

vertexSource = filetobuf("space/sphere.vert");
fragmentSource = filetobuf("space/sphere.frag");

vertexShader = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
fragmentShader = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);

glShaderSource(vertexShader, 1, (const GLchar**) &vertexSource, 0);
glShaderSource(fragmentShader, 1, (const GLchar**) &fragmentSource, 0);

fprintf(stderr, "Compiling vertex shader....\n");
glCompileShader(vertexShader);
fprintf(stderr, "Compiling fragment shader....\n");
glCompileShader(fragmentShader);
fprintf(stderr, "Done....\n");

shaderProgram = glCreateProgram();
glAttachShader(shaderProgram, vertexShader);
glAttachShader(shaderProgram, fragmentShader);

glBindAttribLocation(shaderProgram, 0, "in_Position");
glBindAttribLocation(shaderProgram, 1, "Texture_Coord");

printf("Linking program ... \n");
glLinkProgram(shaderProgram);

glGetProgramInfoLog(shaderProgram, 1000, &length, text);
if(length > 0){
    fprintf(stderr, "Validate Shader Program\n%s\n", text );
}

glUseProgram(shaderProgram);

4. SetupTexture(char * filename): loading image, generate 2 arrays of textures, one to GL_TEXTURE0 and other one to GL_TEXTURE1

GLuint texture[2]; glGenTextures(2, texture);

glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[0]);
data = stbi_load(fileName, &w, &h, &n, 0);
glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, w, h, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, data);
glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(shaderProgram, "texture_Sun"), 0);
glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
stbi_image_free(data);

glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE1);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[1]);
data = stbi_load(fileName1, &w, &h, &n, 0);
glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, w, h, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, data);
glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(shaderProgram, "texture_Earth"), 1);
glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
stbi_image_free(data);

5. Render(int i): rendering 2 objects, which is sphere.

glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);/* Make our background black */ glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);

glEnable(GL_PRIMITIVE_RESTART);
glPrimitiveRestartIndex(GL_PRIMITIVE_RESTART_FIXED_INDEX);
glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, vboIndex);

glPushMatrix();
glLoadIdentity();
glm::mat4 Projection = glm::perspective(50.0f, 5.0f / 3.0f, 1.0f, 100.0f);
    glm::mat4 View = glm::lookAt(
        glm::vec3(0, 5, 2),
        glm::vec3(0, 0, 0),
        glm::vec3(0, 1, 0)
    );

    /* Animations */
    GLfloat angle = (GLfloat) (i);
    View = glm::translate(View, glm::vec3(2.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f));
    View = glm::rotate(View, angle * 0.5f, glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f));
    /* ******* */

    glm::mat4 Model = glm::mat4(1.0f);
    glm::mat4 MVP = Projection * View * Model;

    glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(shaderProgram, "mvpMatrix"), 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(MVP));
glDrawElements(GL_QUAD_STRIP, numsToDraw, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, NULL);
glPopMatrix();

glPushMatrix();
glLoadIdentity();
glm::mat4 Projection1 = glm::perspective(50.0f, 5.0f / 3.0f, 1.0f, 100.0f);
    glm::mat4 View1 = glm::lookAt(
        glm::vec3(0, 5, 2),
        glm::vec3(0, 0, 0),
        glm::vec3(0, 1, 0)
    );

    /* Animations */
    GLfloat angle1 = (GLfloat) (i);
    View1 = glm::translate(View1, glm::vec3(-2.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f));
    View1 = glm::rotate(View1, angle1 * -0.5f, glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f));
    /* ******* */

    glm::mat4 Model1 = glm::mat4(1.0f);
    MVP = Projection1 * View1 * Model1;

    glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(shaderProgram, "mvpMatrix"), 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(MVP));
glDrawElements(GL_QUAD_STRIP, nums, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, NULL);
glPopMatrix();

VertexShader:

#version 330 core
precision highp float;
attribute vec3 in_Position;
attribute vec3 in_Position1;
varying vec4 Texture_Coord;

uniform mat4 mvpMatrix;

void main(void){
    gl_Position = mvpMatrix * vec4(in_Position, 1.0);
    Texture_Coord = vec4(in_Position, 1.0);
}

FragmentShader:

#version 330 core
precision highp float;
varying vec4 Texture_Coord;

uniform sampler2D texture_Sun;
uniform sampler2D texture_Earth;

out vec4 FragColor;

void main(void){
    vec2 longLat = vec2((atan(Texture_Coord.y, Texture_Coord.x)/3.1415926 + 1) * 0.5, (asin(Texture_Coord.z) / 3.1415926 + 0.5));

    FragColor = texture2D(texture_Sun, longLat);
    FragColor = texture2D(texture_Earth, longLat);
}

Main codes in main:

SetupGeomtry();
    SetupShader();
    SetupTexture("images/Earth.jpg", "images/sun.jpg");
    /*
     *  Main loop
     */
    int i = 0;
    while(!glfwWindowShouldClose(window)){
        glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);

        Render(i+=1);
        glfwSwapBuffers(window);
        glfwPollEvents();
        Sleep(10);
    }

Answer 1

Normally you would load your textures (ie buffer them to GPU):

GLuint texture[2];
glGenTextures(2, texture);

glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[0]);
data = stbi_load(fileName, &w, &h, &n, 0);
glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, w, h, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, data);
glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
stbi_image_free(data);

glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[1]);
data = stbi_load(fileName1, &w, &h, &n, 0);
glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, w, h, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, data);
glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
stbi_image_free(data);

then before drawing each of your objects bind the relevant texture for said object:

// already selected the shader programme for both Sun and Earth
GLint textureLocation = glGetUniformLocation(shaderProgram, "texture_CelestialBody");
// optionally remember more locations for multi texture

glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[0]);
glUniform1i(textureLocation, 0);
// optionally bind more textures for multi texture shader...
// draw Sun now

glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[1]);
glUniform1i(textureLocation, 0);
// optionally bind more textures for multi texture shader...
// draw Earth now

then the texture_CelestialBody identifies the texture for both the Sun and the Earth - ie the fragment shader would not discriminate between the two.