I have a large nested object. I want to serialise this object in the JSON string, however I need only certain fields to be included. Problem here is that fields could change very frequently and I want to build it in a way that could help me easy include or exclude fields for serialisation.
I know that I can write a lot of code to extract certain fields and build JSON "manually". But I wonder if there are any other elegant way to achieve similar outcome but specifying a list of required fields?
For example having following object structure I want include only id
and name
in the response:
class Building {
private List<Flat> flats;
}
class Flat {
private Integer id;
private Person owner;
}
class Person {
private String name;
private String surname;
}
Json:
{
"flats" : [
{
"flat":
{
"id" : "1",
"person" : {
"name" : "John"
}
}
}
]
}
You can use gson
for serializing/deserializing JSON
. Then you can include the @Expose
annotation to use only the fields you require.
Be sure to also configure your Gson
object to only serialize "exposed" fields.
Gson gson = GsonBuilder().excludeFieldsWithoutExposeAnnotation().create();
Alternative:
You can actually do it the inverse way, marking fields which will not be exposed . You can do this with the transient
keyword. So whatever you want to ignore just add transient
to it. Here's how it works on gson
.
PS: This works on most Java JSON
serializers too.
Using com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore
is another way to achieve this.
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore;
class Person {
private String name;
@JsonIgnore
private String surname;
}
It will ignore the surname
when the parser converts the bean to json. Similar annotation will be available in other json processing libraries.
If using Gson, study how to use ExclusionStrategy & JsonSerializer.
Using those is a more flexible way to control serialization since it allows to decide per serialization what to serialize.
Using annotations requires later to add / remove those annotations from fields if there is a need to change what to serialize.
In the case of your example the latter might be more appropriate.
This question might be good startpoint serialize-java-object-with-gson
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