If I run this code:
s.translate(str.maketrans({'as': 'dfg', '1234': 'qw'}))
I will get:
ValueError: string keys in translate table must be of length 1
Is there a way to replace multiple characters at once using str.translate
? Docs says I can use codecs
for flexible approach, but I can't find out how.
If no, what can be done instead then?
No . str.translate
can be used solely to replace single characters. The replacement strings can be of any length, but the keys must be a single character.
When they documentation mentions codecs
they are saying that you can implement a custom encoding, register it and then open the file using it... it's not a matter of calling something like codecs.maketrans
, it's quite some work. I'd personally use re.sub
with a function replacement:
replacements = {'as': 'dfg', '1234': 'qw'}
re.sub('({})'.format('|'.join(map(re.escape, replacements.keys()))), lambda m: replacements[m.group()], text)
Which seems to do what you want:
>>> re.sub('({})'.format('|'.join(map(re.escape, replacements.keys()))), lambda m: replacements[m.group()], "test as other test1234")
'test dfg other testqw'
The translate
method of a string replaces one character by a string according to the translation that you provide.
Here are a few cases:
Original string: as 1234
Error in [s.translate(str.maketrans({'as': 'dfg', '1234': 'qw'}))]
Error in [s = s.translate(str.maketrans({'a': 'd', '12': 'q'}))]
s.translate(str.maketrans({'a': 'd', '1': 'q'})): ds q234
Workaround to get the result
After the edit of the question, here is a solution to get the desired replacements:
Split by the keys, and then join by the values in your translation dictionary.
Replaced all subsrings: dfg qw
The code:
s = 'as 1234'
print('Original string:',s)
try:
w = s.translate(str.maketrans({'as': 'dfg', '1234': 'qw'}))
print("s.translate(str.maketrans({'as': 'dfg', '1234': 'qw'}):", w)
except:
print("Error in [s.translate(str.maketrans({'as': 'dfg', '1234': 'qw'}))]")
try:
w = s.translate(str.maketrans({'a': 'd', '12': 'q'}))
print("s.translate(str.maketrans({'a': 'd', '12': 'q'})):", w)
except:
print("Error in [s = s.translate(str.maketrans({'a': 'd', '12': 'q'}))]")
try:
w = s.translate(str.maketrans({'a': 'd', '1': 'q'}))
print("s.translate(str.maketrans({'a': 'd', '1': 'q'})):", w)
except:
print("Error in [s = s.translate(str.maketrans({'a': 'd', '1': 'q'}))]")
trans_dict = {'as': 'dfg', '1234': 'qw'}
for k,v in trans_dict.items():
y = s.split(k)
s = v.join(y)
print('Replaced all subsrings:',s)
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