AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'shape'

Question

I'm a beginner in python. I try to conduct sentiment analysis and RNN. However I get AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'shape'". I reviewed all posted solutions about this problem but I couldn't solve this problem. I try the same code another data file and it works. But not for my original data file.

This is my code:

import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
from tensorflow.python.keras.models import Sequential`
from tensorflow.python.keras.layers import Dense, GRU, Embedding, CuDNNGRU
from tensorflow.python.keras.optimizers import Adam
from tensorflow.python.keras.preprocessing.text import Tokenizer
from tensorflow.python.keras.preprocessing.sequence import pad_sequences


dataset = pd.read_csv(r'C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\tümveri8.csv', encoding='latin1')

target = dataset['duygu'].values.tolist()
data = dataset['yorum'].values.tolist()

cutoff = int(len(data) * 0.80)
x_train, x_test = data[:cutoff], data[cutoff:]
y_train, y_test = target[:cutoff], target[cutoff:]

num_words = 10000
tokenizer = Tokenizer(num_words=num_words)
tokenizer.fit_on_texts(data)

x_train_tokens = tokenizer.texts_to_sequences(x_train)

x_test_tokens = tokenizer.texts_to_sequences(x_test)

num_tokens = [len(tokens) for tokens in x_train_tokens + x_test_tokens]
num_tokens = np.array(num_tokens)
max_tokens = np.mean(num_tokens) + 2 * np.std(num_tokens)
max_tokens = int(max_tokens)
max_tokens

np.sum(num_tokens < max_tokens) / len(num_tokens)
x_train_pad = pad_sequences(x_train_tokens, maxlen=max_tokens)
x_test_pad = pad_sequences(x_test_tokens, maxlen=max_tokens)

idx = tokenizer.word_index
inverse_map = dict(zip(idx.values(), idx.keys()))
def tokens_to_string(tokens):
words = [inverse_map[token] for token in tokens if token!=0]
text = ' '.join(words)
return text

model = Sequential()
embedding_size = 50
model.add(Embedding(input_dim=num_words,
                    output_dim=embedding_size,
                    input_length=max_tokens,
                    name='embedding_layer'))

model.add(GRU(units=16, return_sequences=True))
model.add(GRU(units=8, return_sequences=True))
model.add(GRU(units=4))
model.add(Dense(1, activation='sigmoid'))

optimizer = Adam(lr=1e-3)

model.compile(loss='binary_crossentropy',
              optimizer=optimizer,
              metrics=['accuracy'])
model.summary()

This is the error code:

model.fit(x_train_pad, y_train, epochs=5, batch_size=256)


model.fit(x_train_pad, y_train, epochs=5, batch_size=256)

AttributeError                            Traceback (most recent call 
last)
<ipython-input-79-631bbf0ac3a7> in <module>
----> 1 model.fit(x_train_pad, y_train, epochs=5, batch_size=256)

~\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\keras\engine\training.py 
in fit(self, x, y, batch_size, epochs, verbose, callbacks, 
validation_split, validation_data, shuffle, class_weight, sample_weight, 
initial_epoch, steps_per_epoch, validation_steps, validation_freq, 
max_queue_size, workers, use_multiprocessing, **kwargs)
707         steps=steps_per_epoch,
708         validation_split=validation_split,
--> 709         shuffle=shuffle)
710 
711     # Prepare validation data.

~\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\keras\engine\training.py 
in _standardize_user_data(self, x, y, sample_weight, class_weight, 
batch_size, check_steps, steps_name, steps, validation_split, shuffle, 
extract_tensors_from_dataset)
2671           shapes=None,
2672           check_batch_axis=False,  # Don't enforce the batch size.
-> 2673           exception_prefix='target')
2674 
2675       # Generate sample-wise weight values given the `sample_weight` 
and

~\Anaconda3\lib\site- 
packages\tensorflow\python\keras\engine\training_utils.py in 
standardize_input_data(data, names, shapes, check_batch_axis, 
exception_prefix)
335     ]
336   else:
--> 337     data = [standardize_single_array(x) for x in data]
338 
339   if len(data) != len(names):

~\Anaconda3\lib\site- 
 packages\tensorflow\python\keras\engine\training_utils.py in <listcomp> (.0)
335     ]
336   else:
--> 337     data = [standardize_single_array(x) for x in data]
338 
339   if len(data) != len(names):

~\Anaconda3\lib\site- 
packages\tensorflow\python\keras\engine\training_utils.py in 
standardize_single_array(x, expected_shape)
263     return None
264 
--> 265     if (x.shape is not None and len(x.shape) == 1 and
266        (expected_shape is None or len(expected_shape) != 1)):
267     if tensor_util.is_tensor(x):

AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'shape'

Answer 1

在这一行有一个错误： model.fit(x_train_pad, y_train, epochs=5, batch_size=256)基本上x_train_pad是一个 str (string) 它应该是一个 numpy 数组

Answer 2

Two possible problem you may have:

1. Like Pietro Marsella Suggested, you define x_train_pad as a string type, or you redefine it after one epoch in your code.

2. After the word embedding of the input words, you should have a numpy with shape=(N, K) , you should check whether your work embedding is valid for every word.