In line 11 how do i make it so that i don't need to use so many spaces

Question

how do I remove all the spaces without changing the format and what is the best option to do so and if so would I be using the System.out.printf(); or some other directive. please respond with java and not C++. I would really appreciate anyone who helps and will gladly thank them for helping me with my own problems.

public class WorldPopulation{
    //main string
    public static void main(String[] args) {
             //prints title 
            System.out.println(" This is a estimate of world population growth within 300 year time span. ");
            //prints number value
            System.out.println("                       Numbers are in millions");
            //number of rows and columns
            final int ROWS = 6;
            final int COLUMNS = 7;

            //population numbers array
            int [] [] populations =
                {
                        {106, 107, 111, 133, 221, 767, 1766},
                        {502, 635, 809, 947, 1402, 3634, 5268},
                        {2, 2, 2, 6, 13, 30, 46},
                        {163, 203, 276, 408, 547, 729, 628},
                        {2, 7, 26, 82, 172, 307, 392},
                        {16, 24, 3, 74, 167, 511, 809}
                };
            //continents array
            String[] continents =
                {
                        "Africa",
                        "Asia",
                        "Australia",
                        "Europe",
                        "North America",
                        "South America"
                };
            //prints the years used in the estimation       
            System.out.println("                Year 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050");

            //print population data
            for (int i = 0; i < ROWS; i++)
    {          
             //print i'th row       
            System.out.printf("%20s", continents[i]);
            //prints the columns and the rows
            for (int j = 0; j < COLUMNS; j++) {

                System.out.printf("%5d", populations [i] [j]);
            }
                System.out.println(); //start new line at end of row
        }



            //print column totals
            System.out.printf("%20s","World total");
            //prints the total estimated population in the years used
            for (int  j = 0; j < COLUMNS; j++)
            {
                int total = 0;
                for (int i = 0; i < ROWS; i++) {
                    total = total + populations[i][j];
                }
                //format of the printed totals  
                System.out.printf("%5d", total);

            }
            //starts new line after each row
            System.out.println();
        }
        //end of class and program.
    }

Answer 1

You could do something like this:

System.out.format("%15s%s", "", "Test");

There you have a string of length 15 followed by a string of undefined. Because the first string being formatted is an empty string, you will have 15 spaces printed instead.

Answer 2

how do I remove all the spaces without changing the format and what is the best option to do so and if so would I be using the System.out.printf(); or some other directive. please respond with java and not C++. I would really appreciate anyone who helps and will gladly thank them for helping me with my own problems.

public class WorldPopulation{
    //main string
    public static void main(String[] args) {
             //prints title 
            System.out.println(" This is a estimate of world population growth within 300 year time span. ");
            //prints number value
            System.out.println("                       Numbers are in millions");
            //number of rows and columns
            final int ROWS = 6;
            final int COLUMNS = 7;

            //population numbers array
            int [] [] populations =
                {
                        {106, 107, 111, 133, 221, 767, 1766},
                        {502, 635, 809, 947, 1402, 3634, 5268},
                        {2, 2, 2, 6, 13, 30, 46},
                        {163, 203, 276, 408, 547, 729, 628},
                        {2, 7, 26, 82, 172, 307, 392},
                        {16, 24, 3, 74, 167, 511, 809}
                };
            //continents array
            String[] continents =
                {
                        "Africa",
                        "Asia",
                        "Australia",
                        "Europe",
                        "North America",
                        "South America"
                };
            //prints the years used in the estimation       
            System.out.println("                Year 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050");

            //print population data
            for (int i = 0; i < ROWS; i++)
    {          
             //print i'th row       
            System.out.printf("%20s", continents[i]);
            //prints the columns and the rows
            for (int j = 0; j < COLUMNS; j++) {

                System.out.printf("%5d", populations [i] [j]);
            }
                System.out.println(); //start new line at end of row
        }



            //print column totals
            System.out.printf("%20s","World total");
            //prints the total estimated population in the years used
            for (int  j = 0; j < COLUMNS; j++)
            {
                int total = 0;
                for (int i = 0; i < ROWS; i++) {
                    total = total + populations[i][j];
                }
                //format of the printed totals  
                System.out.printf("%5d", total);

            }
            //starts new line after each row
            System.out.println();
        }
        //end of class and program.
    }