Buffer link with a stream in I/O

Question

I found from C++ I/O that streams are merely a connection between the source (file, keyboard, network etc.) but I am still not able to understand where the buffers (which controls the flow of data) are located (on which stage) when it comes to streams. All this to understand streambuf .

Answer 1

缓冲区位于流的末尾：

ostream ------> buffer -------> file, keyboard, console

istream <------ buffer <------- file, key board, console