How do nonblocking Python Sockets receive input?

Question

If I have this code relating to an unblocking socket called sock

recv_data = sock.recv(1024)
        if recv_data:
            data.outb += recv_data
        else:
            print('closing connection to', data.addr)
            sel.unregister(sock)
            sock.close()

What exactly happens? How is the statement recv_data = sock.recv(1024) differ from blocking and nonblocking? If the program doesn't wait for that statement to complete, how does recv_data ever have value?

Edit: Full server code:

import selectors
import socket
import types

host = "127.0.0.1"
port = 65432

def accept_wrapper(sock):
    conn, addr = sock.accept()
    print('accepted conneciton from', addr)
    conn.setblocking(False)
    data = types.SimpleNamespace(addr=addr, inb=b'', outb=b'')
    events = selectors.EVENT_READ | selectors.EVENT_WRITE
    sel.register(conn, events, data=data)

def service_connection(key, mask):
    sock = key.fileobj
    data = key.data
    if mask & selectors.EVENT_READ:
        recv_data = sock.recv(1024)
        if recv_data:
            data.outb += recv_data
        else:
            print('closing connection to', data.addr)
            sel.unregister(sock)
            sock.close()
    if mask & selectors.EVENT_WRITE:
        if data.outb:
            print('echoing', repr(data.outb), 'to', data.addr)
            sent = sock.send(data.outb)
            data.outb = data.outb[sent:]

sel = selectors.DefaultSelector()
lsock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
lsock.bind((host, port))
lsock.listen()
print('listening on', (host, port))
lsock.setblocking(False)
sel.register(lsock, selectors.EVENT_READ, data=None)

while True:
    events = sel.select(timeout=None)
    for key, mask in events:
        if key.data is None:
            # From the listening socket
            accept_wrapper(key.fileobj)
        else:
            # Client Socket
            service_connection(key, mask)

Answer 1

If sock is non-blocking, it will raise BlockingIOError if it would block otherwise. Is there a try / except not shown around the code? Another option is select.select is used to make sure there is data read to receive before calling recv .

Example assuming appropriate server:

>>> from socket import *
>>> s=socket()
>>> s.connect(('localhost',5000))
>>> s.setblocking(0)
>>> s.recv(1024)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
BlockingIOError: [WinError 10035] A non-blocking socket operation could not be completed immediately

Edit:

With the additional code, recv is only called when sel.select reports an EVENT_READ (data ready to read) so recv should not block. It will either return data or an empty string. The latter indicates the socket was closed.