copy string between comma
input
(aaa),(ddD),(sss),(ppp)
p=malloc(sizeof(char)*200);
gets(p);
i want hold input
p[0]="(aaa)"
p[1]="(ddD)"
p[2]="(sss)"
p[3]="(ppp)"
You may have to use strtok .
Here is the complete solution to all your problems:
// tokens.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h> /* for strtok, strlen and strcpy. */
#include <stdlib.h> /* for malloc, realloc and free. */
static char **tokens = NULL; /* Dynamic array of string tokens. */
static int token_count = 0; /* Number of tokens added. */
/* Grows the `tokens' array as needed and appends `tok' to it. */
static void
copy_token (char *tok)
{
if (token_count == 0)
tokens = malloc (sizeof (char*));
else
tokens = realloc (tokens, sizeof (char*) * (token_count + 1));
tokens[token_count] = malloc (strlen (tok) + 1);
strcpy (tokens[token_count], tok);
++token_count;
}
/* Extracts tokens from `s' and calls copy_token to add it to `tokens'. */
static void
tokenize_by_comma (char *s)
{
char *tok = strtok (s, ",");
while (tok != NULL)
{
copy_token (tok);
tok = strtok (NULL, ",");
}
}
/* If you run copy_after, the total length of all tokens
must not exceed BUFF_SIZE. */
#define BUFF_SIZE 1024
static char s_copy[BUFF_SIZE + 1];
/* Makes a string of all the tokens by moving `s' next to `after'. */
static char *
copy_after (const char *s, const char *after)
{
int i;
int appended = 0;
strcpy (s_copy, "");
for (i = 0; i < token_count; ++i)
{
int is_s = (strcmp (tokens[i], s) == 0);
int is_after = (strcmp (tokens[i], after) == 0);
if (is_after)
{
strcat (s_copy, after);
strcat (s_copy, ",");
strcat (s_copy, s);
appended = 1;
}
else if (!is_s)
{
strcat (s_copy, tokens[i]);
appended = 1;
}
if (i != (token_count - 1) && appended)
strcat (s_copy, ",");
appended = 0;
}
return s_copy;
}
/* Prints the `tokens'. */
static void
print_tokens ()
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < token_count; ++i)
printf ("%s\n", tokens[i]);
}
/* Frees the memory allocated for `tokens'. */
static void
free_tokens ()
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < token_count; ++i)
free (tokens[i]);
free (tokens);
token_count = 0;
tokens = NULL;
}
/* Test. Pass the tokens as a single command line argument. */
int
main (int argc, char **argv)
{
tokenize_by_comma (argv[1]);
print_tokens ();
if (argc == 4)
{
printf ("%s\n", copy_after (argv[2], argv[3]));
}
free_tokens ();
return 0;
}
Test run:
$ ./tokens "(aaa),(ddD),(sss),(ppp)"
(aaa)
(ddD)
(sss)
(ppp)
$ ./tokens "(aaa),(ddD),(sss),(ppp)" "(ddD)" "(ppp)"
(aaa)
(ddD)
(sss)
(ppp)
(aaa),(sss),(ppp),(ddD)
Avoid using gets(3)
, it lead to some interesting issues even in the early days of the Internet due to easy buffer overflow . Use the fgets(3)
instead.
If you're sure you're always going to have four inputs, you can use something like:
scanf("%[^,],%[^,],%[^,],%[^,]", p[0], p[1], p[2], p[3]);
if you don't know the number of inputs, you'd probably do the reading in a loop instead:
for (i=0; i<limit; i++)
if (!scanf("%[^,],", p[i]))
break;
if (i<limit)
scanf("%[^\n]", p[i]);
or, if you prefer, you could write the loop like this:
for (i=0; i<limit && scanf("%[^,],", p[i]); i++)
;
Either way, this reads data that doesn't contain a comma followed by a comma (that is read to verify its presence) until that fails. Assuming the data is in the proper format, that will fail when there's data without a trailing comma. We then do one more read after the loop to read the remainder of the line into the last item.
Note that if your data can also contain a comma, something like:
(aaa,bbb),(ccc,ddd)
where the first data item should be "(aaa,bbb)" and the second "(ccc,ddd)", this would not work -- for something like that, you could rewrite the conversion for an individual input to something like: "%[^)])," to read up to the closing parenthesis, followed by a parenthesis followed by a comma.
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