Can a member of a class be named the same name as its type (another class)?

Question

Trying to compile the following code on different compilers gives me two different results:

struct S{};
struct T{S S;};
int main(){}

As you can see, inside T , I have an object named the same as the previously defined class S .

---

On GCC 4.7.2, I get the following error pertaining to the SS; declaration inside T :

error: declaration of 'ST::S' [-fpermissive]
error: changes meaning of 'S' from 'struct S' [-fpermissive]

However, moving it outside of the class (or into main ) works fine :

struct S{};
S S;
int main(){}

What exactly does it mean by the error it's giving me?

---

In Visual Studio 2012, the whole thing compiles and runs without any errors. Pasting it into this Clang 3.0 compiler gives me no errors as well.

Which is right? Can I actually do this or not?

Answer 1

gcc is correct, from [3.3.7 Class Scope]

A name N used in a class S shall refer to the same declaration in its context and when re-evaluated in the completed scope of S. No diagnostic is required for a violation of this rule.

However, note that no diagnostic is required , so all compilers are conforming.

The reason is because of how class scope works. When you write SS; S is visible within the entire class and changes the meaning when you use S .

struct S{};
struct T{
    void foo()
    { 
        S myS; // Not possible anymore because S refers to local S
    }
    S S;
};

Answer 2

This code is ill-formed, no diagnostic required. Like the diagnostic says, if a declaration uses a name and the name has a different meaning than it would have when looked up at the end of the class definition, the programm is illformed, no diagnostic required.

Answer 3

@JesseGood provide a complete answer, but if you really want to do this without any error, you can use type's full name and it will work as follow:

struct S {};
struct T { ::S S; };
int main() {return 0;}

No there is no error, since S in your class is T::S and its type is ::S !