为什么我的python类方法本身的行为与我运行模块时的行为不同？

Question

我正在制作一个小型文本游戏，我的一种方法表现得出乎意料，我无法弄清楚原因。 如果我导入模块并在python中运行该方法，它工作正常。 游戏的某些部分并不完整，但我需要的部分运行良好。

使用下面粘贴的模块， 选择方法是将列表更改为字符串，但仅在模块运行时。 我在2.7.3上运行它，在mac上。

编辑：我想通了。 程序执行仍在继续，我对匹配方法中的选择调用感到困惑。 在match中发送的options参数是一个字符串，而不是它本来应该的列表，但这很容易找出原因。

import fighters
import weapons
from random import randint
from sys import exit

class Hero(object):
    weapons = ["spikeglove", "shortsword"]
    hp = {"actual":50, "base":50}
    score = 0

    def attack(self, weapon, method):
        return None

class Scene(object):

    # Returns one or more items from the provided choices    
    def choose(self, options, max_choices, prompt):
        chosen = []
        while len(chosen) < max_choices and len(options) > 0:
            print
            print prompt
            print options, chosen
            for o in options:
                print "- {}".format(o)    
            print type(options)
            choice = raw_input("> ")
            if choice in options:
                chosen.append(choice)
                options.remove(choice)
                print options, chosen
            else:
                print "That is not one of the options!"
        if len(chosen) == 1:
            return chosen[0]
        else:
            return chosen  


class Death(Scene):
    def enter(self):
        print "You are now dead"
        return "menu"

class Exit(Scene):
    def enter(self):
        print "Thanks for playing!"
        return exit(1)

class Menu(Scene):

    def enter(self):
        menu_options = ["play", "train", "exit"]
        choice = self.choose(menu_options, 1, "Welcome to the Arena!")
        return choice

class Level(Scene):

    def __init__(self):
        self.prologue = "Welcome to {}".format(self.__class__.__name__)

    next_scene = "level1"

    # A match is the fight between the Hero and a particular Enemy
    # A Hero must defeat each Enemy via a match to win the tournament/level
    def match(self, hp, weapons, enemy):
        hero_hp = hp
        enemy_hp = enemy.stats["hp"]
        last_attack = ""
        while hero_hp and enemy_hp:
            weapon_choice = self.choose(weapons, 1, "> ")
            attack_choice = self.choose(weapon_choice.available_attacks(last_attack), 1, "> ")
            last_attack = attack_choice
            hero_attack = hero.attack(attack_choice)
            enemy_attack = enemy.attack()
            print "Hero: {}          {}: {}".format(hero_hp, enemy, enemy_hp)
        if hero_hp:
            return "victory", hero_hp
        else:
            return "defeat"

    # The game cycles through the enemies that our hero has to face
    # passing the setup to the "match" function for the fighting   
    def enter(self):
        print
        print
        print self.prologue
        start_hp = hero.hp['actual']
        weapons = self.choose(hero.weapons, 2, "Choose a weapon")
        while self.enemies:
            enemy = fighters.roster[self.enemies.pop()]
            match_outcome, finish_hp = self.match(start_hp, weapons, enemy)            
            if match_outcome == "defeat":
                hero.hp['actual'] = hero.hp['base']
                return "death"
            # The Hero enters the next match with the current HP obtained from the previous match
            start_hp = finish_hp

        # Add our Hero's victory points, and get them some medical attention 
        # before heading back to the Barracks
        points_award = 5
        hero.points += points_award
        hero.hp['actual'] = hero.hp['base']
        new_weapon = "shortsword"
        hero.add_weapon(new_weapon)
        epilogue = """Congratulations! 
                    You have gained {} points for a total score of {}.\n
                     You have unlocked the \"{}\" """.format(
                            points_award, hero.points, new_weapon)
        return next_scene

class Train(Scene):
    pass

class Level1(Level):

    enemies = ["boxer", "boxer"]
    next_scene = "level2"

class Level2(Level):
    pass

class Level3(Level):
    pass

class Level4(Level):
    pass

class Level5(Level):
    pass

class Engine(object):
    def __init__(self, start_scene):
        self.start_scene = start_scene

    scenes = {
        "menu": Menu(),
        "death": Death(),
        "exit": Exit(),
        "play": Level1(),
        "level2": Level2(),
        "level3": Level3(),
        "level4": Level4(),
        "level5": Level5(),       
    }

    def next_scene(self, scene_name):
        return self.scenes[scene_name]

    def play(self):
        current_scene = self.scenes[self.start_scene]
        while True:
            next_scene = current_scene.enter()
            current_scene = self.scenes[next_scene]

if __name__ == "__main__":
    hero = Hero()        
    game = Engine("menu")
    game.play()        

终端输出：

$ python arena.py
Welcome to the Arena!
['play', 'train', 'exit'] []
- play
- train
- exit
<type 'list'>
> play
['train', 'exit'] ['play']


Welcome to Level1

Choose a weapon
['spikeglove'] []
- spikeglove
<type 'list'>
> spikeglove
[] ['spikeglove']

> 
spikeglove []
- s
- p
- i
- k
- e
- g
- l
- o
- v
- e
<type 'str'>

然而，当我在python中运行时：

>>> import arena
>>> s = arena.Level1()
>>> s.choose(['shortsword', 'spikeglove'], 2, "Choose a weapon")

Choose a weapon
['shortsword', 'spikeglove'] []
- shortsword
- spikeglove
<type 'list'>
> shortsword
['spikeglove'] ['shortsword']

Choose a weapon
['spikeglove'] ['shortsword']
- spikeglove
<type 'list'>
> spikeglove
[] ['shortsword', 'spikeglove']
['shortsword', 'spikeglove']

Answer 1

if __name__ == "__main__":表示在if-statement之后缩进的代码部分将仅在执行脚本时执行，而不是在导入脚本时执行。