绘制两个分类变量

Question

我正在使用以下命令在R中绘制两个类别变量

性别有2个级别，收入有9个级别。

spineplot(main$Gender,main$Income, xlab="Gender", ylab="Income levels: 1 is lowest",xaxlabels=c("Male","Female"))

它产生如下图

1. 我该如何用颜色绘制此图表？
2. 如何显示每个方框中每个收入水平的百分比？ 例如，女性收入1级拥有21％的数据。 如何在深色区域显示21% ？

################ update 1

添加可复制的示例

 fail <- factor(c(2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,2,2,2,2), levels = c(1, 2), labels = c("male", "female")) gender <- factor(rep(c(1:9),3)) spineplot(fail,gender) 

Answer 1

我认为使用barplot进行此操作可能会更容易，因为spineplot不会返回任何有用的信息。

默认值是以下值，但您可以将条形的宽度调整为其他变量（可以看到返回了x轴坐标）：

par(mfrow = 1:2)
(barplot(table(gender, fail)))
# [1] 0.7 1.9
(barplot(table(gender, fail), width = table(fail)))
# [1] 10.7 26.9

经过最后的修改，我们得到了

tbl <- table(gender, fail)
prp <- prop.table(tbl, 2L)
yat <- prp / 2 + apply(rbind(0, prp[-nrow(prp), ]), 2L, cumsum)

bp <- barplot(prp, width = table(fail), axes = FALSE, col = rainbow(nrow(prp)))

axis(2L, at = yat[, 1L], labels = levels(gender), lwd = 0)
axis(4L)

text(rep(bp, each = nrow(prp)), yat, sprintf('%0.f%%', prp * 100), col = 0)

相比于

spineplot(fail, gender, col = rainbow(nlevels(gender)))

Answer 2

@rawr有趣的解决方案的替代方法是：

fail <- factor(c(2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1,
                 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,2,2,2,2),
               levels = c(1, 2), labels = c("male", "female"))
gender <- factor(rep(c(1:9),3))

mypalette <- colorRampPalette(c("lightblue","darkblue"))
tbl <- spineplot(fail, gender, xlab="Gender", ylab="Income levels: 1 is lowest",
     xaxlabels=c("Male","Female"), col=mypalette(nlevels(gender)) )
print(tbl)

#        Income levels: 1 is lowest
# Gender   1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
# male   2 1 2 1 3 2 2 2 1
# female 1 2 1 2 0 1 1 1 2

print.perc <- function(k, tbl, ndigits=2, str.pct="%") {
   # These lines of codes are the same used by from spineplot
   # for the calculation of the x-position of the stacked bars
   nx <- nrow(tbl)
   off <- 0.02
   xat <- c(0, cumsum(prop.table(margin.table(tbl, 1)) + off))
   posx <- (xat[1L:nx] + xat[2L:(nx + 1L)] - off)/2
   # Proportions by row (gender)       
   ptbl <- prop.table(tbl,1)
   # Define labels as strings with a given format
   lbl <- paste(format(round(100*ptbl[k,], ndigits), nsmall=ndigits), str.pct, sep="")
   # Print labels
   # cumsum(ptbl[k,])-ptbl[k,]/2 is the vector of y-positions
   # for the centers of each stacked bar
   text(posx[k], cumsum(ptbl[k,])-ptbl[k,]/2, lbl)
}

# Print income levels for males and females
strsPct <- c("%","%")
for (k in 1:nrow(tbl)) print.perc(k, tbl, ndigits=2, str.pct=strsPct[k])

希望它能对您有所帮助。