在 Python 中制作带有随机点的欧几里得距离矩阵

Question

我编写了一个代码，可以在坐标系中的某个宽度和长度范围内产生所需数量的点。 如何计算并制表使用欧几里得方法产生的这些点的距离矩阵？

import random

npoints = int(input("Type the npoints:"))
width = float(input("Enter the Width you want:"))
height = float(input("Enter the Height you want:"))

sample = []
for _ in range(npoints):
    sample.append((width * random.random(), height * random.random()))
print(*[f"({w:.2f}, {h:.2f})" for w, h in sample], sep=', ')

Output 是：

Type the npoints:4
Enter the Width you want:10
Enter the Height you want:10
(8.52, 3.73), (9.69, 6.87), (8.20, 6.14), (4.18, 0.76)

Process finished with exit code 0

如何创建一个带有 rondom 点的距离矩阵，如下例所示：

非常感谢您的帮助。

Answer 1

如果要使用外部模块， scipy对于矩阵计算非常有效。

import random
from scipy.spatial import distance

npoints = int(input("Type the npoints:"))
width = float(input("Enter the Width you want:"))
height = float(input("Enter the Height you want:"))

sample = []
for _ in range(npoints):
    sample.append((width * random.random(), height * random.random()))
print(*[f"({w:.2f}, {h:.2f})" for w, h in sample], sep=', ')

#Create a matrix from these points
mat_dist = distance.cdist(sample, sample, 'euclidean')
print(mat_dist)

Output

Type the npoints:4
Enter the Width you want:10
Enter the Height you want:10
(0.51, 2.80), (5.93, 9.46), (6.70, 4.34), (6.63, 6.53)
[[0.         8.58570336 6.37178369 7.16973499]
 [8.58570336 0.         5.17134317 3.00545614]
 [6.37178369 5.17134317 0.         2.19288637]
 [7.16973499 3.00545614 2.19288637 0.        ]]