難以加載紋理並將其傳遞給XNA 4.0中的類

Question

這是ac＃/ XNA 4.0類的作業，不，我不是HWgrade-zombie。 我會讓您知道我提出這個問題的情況，完成的“研究”的數量，以及我希望學習而不是獲得成績的方法，但是它被認為是虛假的並且被刪除了。

無論如何，我遇到的問題是我試圖加載到Game1.cs中的“ textureImage”中的內容（子畫面表），然后通過“ userControlledSprite”傳遞給“ Sprite.cs”進行繪制.cs”，在編譯程序時不會被繪制。 我是C＃和XNA的新手，我理解這個問題（內容已加載，但未正確傳遞），但是我迷失了解決方法。

這是我的程序組成的完整的三個類：

Game1.cs-調用userControlledSprite。

    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Linq;
    using Microsoft.Xna.Framework;
    using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Audio;
    using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content;
    using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.GamerServices;
    using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics;
    using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input;
    using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Media;

    namespace Proj06
    {
        public class Game1 : Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Game
        {
           GraphicsDeviceManager graphics;
           SpriteBatch spriteBatch;

            static Texture2D textureImage;
            static Point frameSize = new Point(52,50);
            static Point currentFrame = new Point(0, 0);
            static Point sheetSize = new Point(4, 1);
            static Vector2 position = Vector2.Zero;
            static int collisionOffset = 1;
            static Vector2 speed;

           userControlledSprite UserControlledSprite1;


        public Game1()
        {
           graphics = new GraphicsDeviceManager(this);
           Content.RootDirectory = "Content";
        }

        protected override void Initialize()
        {
           base.Initialize();
        }

        protected override void LoadContent()
        {
            spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice);

            textureImage = Content.Load<Texture2D>(@"images/Picture");
            UserControlledSprite1 = new userControlledSprite(textureImage, position, frameSize, collisionOffset, currentFrame, sheetSize, speed);
        }

        protected override void UnloadContent()
        {
          /// Ignore this void
        }

        protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime)
        {
            if (GamePad.GetState(PlayerIndex.One).Buttons.Back == ButtonState.Pressed)
                this.Exit();

            base.Update(gameTime);
        }

        protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime)
        {
            GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.White);
            UserControlledSprite1.Draw(gameTime, spriteBatch);
            base.Draw(gameTime);
        }
    }
}

Sprite.cs-繪制精靈並設置其動畫效果，並檢查碰撞。

    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Linq;
    using Microsoft.Xna.Framework;
    using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Audio;
    using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content;
    using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.GamerServices;
    using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics;
    using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input;
    using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Media;

    namespace Proj06
    {
       abstract class Sprite
        {
            Texture2D textureImage;
            protected Point frameSize;
            Point currentFrame;
            Point sheetSize;
            int collisionOffset;
            int timeSinceLastFrame = 0;
            int millisecondsPerFrame;
            const int defaultMillisecondsPerFrame = 16;
            protected Vector2 speed;
            protected Vector2 position;

            public Sprite(Texture2D textureImage, Vector2 position, Point frameSize,
                int collisionOffset, Point currentFrame, Point sheetSize, Vector2 speed)
                : this(textureImage, position, frameSize, collisionOffset, currentFrame,
                sheetSize, speed, defaultMillisecondsPerFrame)
            {
            }

            public Sprite(Texture2D textureImage, Vector2 position, Point frameSize,
                int collisionOffset, Point currentFrame, Point sheetSize, Vector2 speed,
                int millisecondsPerFrame)
            {
                this.textureImage = textureImage;
                this.position = position;
                this.frameSize = frameSize;
                this.collisionOffset = collisionOffset;
                this.currentFrame = currentFrame;
                this.sheetSize = sheetSize;
                this.speed = speed;
                this.millisecondsPerFrame = millisecondsPerFrame;
            }

            public virtual void Update(GameTime gameTime, Rectangle clientBounds)
            {
                timeSinceLastFrame += gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.Milliseconds;
                if (timeSinceLastFrame > millisecondsPerFrame)
                {
                    timeSinceLastFrame = 0;
                    ++currentFrame.X;
                    if (currentFrame.X >= sheetSize.X)
                    {
                        currentFrame.X = 0;
                        ++currentFrame.Y;
                        if (currentFrame.Y >= sheetSize.Y)
                        {
                            currentFrame.Y = 0;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            public virtual void Draw(GameTime gameTime, SpriteBatch spriteBatch)
            {
                spriteBatch.Begin();

                spriteBatch.Draw(textureImage,
                    position,
                    new Rectangle(currentFrame.X * frameSize.X,
                        currentFrame.Y * frameSize.Y,
                        frameSize.X, frameSize.Y),
                        Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero,
                        1f, SpriteEffects.None, 0);

                spriteBatch.End();
            }

            public abstract Vector2 direction
            {
                get;
            }

            public Rectangle collisionRect
            {
                get
                {
                    return new Rectangle(
                        (int)position.X + collisionOffset,
                        (int)position.Y + collisionOffset,
                        frameSize.X - (collisionOffset * 2),
                        frameSize.Y - (collisionOffset * 2));
                }
            }
        }
    }

和userControlledSprite.cs-處理精靈的移動和位置

    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Text;

    using Microsoft.Xna.Framework;
    using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics;
    using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input;


    namespace Proj06
    {
        class userControlledSprite : Sprite
        {
            public userControlledSprite(Texture2D textureImage, Vector2 position,
                Point frameSize, int collisionOffset, Point currentFrame, Point sheetSize,
                Vector2 speed)
                : base(textureImage, position, frameSize, collisionOffset, currentFrame,
                sheetSize, speed)
            {
            }

            public userControlledSprite(Texture2D textureImage, Vector2 position,
                Point frameSize, int collisionOffset, Point currentFrame, Point sheetSize,
                Vector2 speed, int millisecondsPerFrame)
                : base(textureImage, position, frameSize, collisionOffset, currentFrame,
                sheetSize, speed, millisecondsPerFrame)
            {
            }

            public override Vector2 direction
            {
                get
                {
                    Vector2 inputDirection = Vector2.Zero;

                    if (Keyboard.GetState().IsKeyDown(Keys.Left))
                        inputDirection.X -= 1;
                    if (Keyboard.GetState().IsKeyDown(Keys.Right))
                        inputDirection.X += 1;
                    if (Keyboard.GetState().IsKeyDown(Keys.Up))
                        inputDirection.Y -= 1;
                    if (Keyboard.GetState().IsKeyDown(Keys.Down))
                        inputDirection.Y += 1;

                    return inputDirection * speed;
                }
            }

            public override void Update(GameTime gameTime, Rectangle clientBounds)
            {
                position += direction;

                if (position.X < 0)
                    position.X = 0;
                if (position.Y < 0)
                    position.Y = 0;
                if (position.X > clientBounds.Width - frameSize.X)
                    position.X = clientBounds.Width - frameSize.X;
                if (position.Y > clientBounds.Height - frameSize.Y)
                    position.X = clientBounds.Height - frameSize.Y;

                base.Update(gameTime, clientBounds);
            }
        }
    }

我將繼續在線搜索任何有用的資源，並在發現任何內容后發表修改。 謝謝你的時間。

Answer 1

將UserControlledSprite1的字段定義保留在此處，但不要在此處對其進行初始化：

public class Game1 : Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Game
{
    userControlledSprite UserControlledSprite1;
}

然后在加載紋理后立即在LoadContent()方法中對其進行初始化：

protected override void LoadContent()
{
    spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice);

    textureImage = Content.Load<Texture2D>(@"images/Picture");
    UserControlledSprite1 = new userControlledSprite(textureImage, position, frameSize, collisionOffset, currentFrame, sheetSize, speed);
}

另外，請確保在Game1.Draw()調用UserControlledSprite1.Draw()方法。

Answer 2

這很簡單，永遠不會調用您的Draw和Update方法。

如果希望XNA自動調用它們，則您的Sprite類需要擴展DrawableGameComponent並在Game1進行注冊。 為此，您需要將Game作為參數傳遞。 您將要重寫的Draw方法也需要一個SpriteBatch ，因此也要在構造函數中傳遞它。 這並不是真正的干凈方法，但是會起作用。 然后在您擁有的每個DrawableGameComponent上調用Components.Add 。

一旦完成，只需在Game1中調用spriteBatch.Begin（）和spriteBatch.End（）（只對Begin和End進行一次調用），然后每個Sprite都會繪制自己。

我還自由using s刪除了無用的東西，並修復了您的類名以適合C＃約定（PascalCase）。

更改的重要部分是：

• userControlledSprite現在接收spriteBatch和Game類
• userControlledSprite被注冊為組件
• Sprite現在擴展了DrawableGameComponent
• 現在調用了spriteBatch.Begin和End
• 現在，Sprite會覆蓋正確的Draw方法。

請注意，我沒有更改您的Update方法。 除非您將其更改為public override void Update(GameTime gameTime)否則它不會被調用。

如果您在Draw中設置一個斷點，則XNA應該調用它。

Game1.cs

using Microsoft.Xna.Framework;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input;

namespace Proj06
{
    public class Game1 : Game
    {
        GraphicsDeviceManager graphics;
        SpriteBatch spriteBatch;

        private Texture2D textureImage;
        private Point frameSize = new Point(52, 50);
        private Point currentFrame = new Point(0, 0);
        private Point sheetSize = new Point(4, 1);
        private Vector2 position = Vector2.Zero;
        private int collisionOffset = 1;
        private Vector2 speed;

        private UserControlledSprite userControlledSprite1;


        public Game1()
        {
            graphics = new GraphicsDeviceManager(this);
            Content.RootDirectory = "Content";
        }

        protected override void LoadContent()
        {
            spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice);

            textureImage = Content.Load<Texture2D>(@"images/Picture");
            userControlledSprite1 = new UserControlledSprite(this, spriteBatch, textureImage, position, frameSize, collisionOffset, currentFrame, sheetSize, speed);
            Components.Add(userControlledSprite1);
        }

        protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime)
        {
            if (GamePad.GetState(PlayerIndex.One).Buttons.Back == ButtonState.Pressed)
                Exit();

            base.Update(gameTime);
        }

        protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime)
        {
            GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.White);

            spriteBatch.Begin();
            base.Draw(gameTime);
            spriteBatch.End();
        }
    }
}

UserControlledSprite.cs

using Microsoft.Xna.Framework;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input;


namespace Proj06
{
    class UserControlledSprite : Sprite
    {
        public UserControlledSprite(Game game, SpriteBatch sb, Texture2D textureImage, Vector2 position,
            Point frameSize, int collisionOffset, Point currentFrame, Point sheetSize,
            Vector2 speed)
            : base(game, sb, textureImage, position, frameSize, collisionOffset, currentFrame,
            sheetSize, speed)
        {
        }

        public UserControlledSprite(Game game, SpriteBatch sb, Texture2D textureImage, Vector2 position,
            Point frameSize, int collisionOffset, Point currentFrame, Point sheetSize,
            Vector2 speed, int millisecondsPerFrame)
            : base(game, sb, textureImage, position, frameSize, collisionOffset, currentFrame,
            sheetSize, speed, millisecondsPerFrame)
        {
        }

        public override Vector2 direction
        {
            get
            {
                Vector2 inputDirection = Vector2.Zero;

                if (Keyboard.GetState().IsKeyDown(Keys.Left))
                    inputDirection.X -= 1;
                if (Keyboard.GetState().IsKeyDown(Keys.Right))
                    inputDirection.X += 1;
                if (Keyboard.GetState().IsKeyDown(Keys.Up))
                    inputDirection.Y -= 1;
                if (Keyboard.GetState().IsKeyDown(Keys.Down))
                    inputDirection.Y += 1;

                return inputDirection * speed;
            }
        }

        public override void Update(GameTime gameTime, Rectangle clientBounds)
        {
            position += direction;

            if (position.X < 0)
                position.X = 0;
            if (position.Y < 0)
                position.Y = 0;
            if (position.X > clientBounds.Width - frameSize.X)
                position.X = clientBounds.Width - frameSize.X;
            if (position.Y > clientBounds.Height - frameSize.Y)
                position.X = clientBounds.Height - frameSize.Y;

            base.Update(gameTime, clientBounds);
        }
    }
}

Sprite.cs

using Microsoft.Xna.Framework;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics;

namespace Proj06
{
    abstract class Sprite : DrawableGameComponent
    {
        Texture2D textureImage;
        protected Point frameSize;
        Point currentFrame;
        Point sheetSize;
        int collisionOffset;
        int timeSinceLastFrame = 0;
        int millisecondsPerFrame;
        const int defaultMillisecondsPerFrame = 16;
        protected Vector2 speed;
        protected Vector2 position;
        private SpriteBatch spriteBatch;

        public Sprite(Game game, SpriteBatch sb, Texture2D textureImage, Vector2 position, Point frameSize,
            int collisionOffset, Point currentFrame, Point sheetSize, Vector2 speed)
            : this(game, sb, textureImage, position, frameSize, collisionOffset, currentFrame,
            sheetSize, speed, defaultMillisecondsPerFrame)
        {
        }

        public Sprite(Game game, SpriteBatch sb, Texture2D textureImage, Vector2 position, Point frameSize,
            int collisionOffset, Point currentFrame, Point sheetSize, Vector2 speed,
            int millisecondsPerFrame) : base(game)
        {
            this.textureImage = textureImage;
            this.position = position;
            this.frameSize = frameSize;
            this.collisionOffset = collisionOffset;
            this.currentFrame = currentFrame;
            this.sheetSize = sheetSize;
            this.speed = speed;
            this.millisecondsPerFrame = millisecondsPerFrame;
            spriteBatch = sb;
        }

        public virtual void Update(GameTime gameTime, Rectangle clientBounds)
        {
            timeSinceLastFrame += gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.Milliseconds;
            if (timeSinceLastFrame > millisecondsPerFrame)
            {
                timeSinceLastFrame = 0;
                ++currentFrame.X;
                if (currentFrame.X >= sheetSize.X)
                {
                    currentFrame.X = 0;
                    ++currentFrame.Y;
                    if (currentFrame.Y >= sheetSize.Y)
                    {
                        currentFrame.Y = 0;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        public override void Draw(GameTime gameTime)
        {
            spriteBatch.Draw(textureImage,
                position,
                new Rectangle(currentFrame.X * frameSize.X,
                    currentFrame.Y * frameSize.Y,
                    frameSize.X, frameSize.Y),
                    Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero,
                    1f, SpriteEffects.None, 0);

            base.Draw(gameTime);
        }

        public abstract Vector2 direction
        {
            get;
        }

        public Rectangle collisionRect
        {
            get
            {
                return new Rectangle(
                    (int)position.X + collisionOffset,
                    (int)position.Y + collisionOffset,
                    frameSize.X - (collisionOffset * 2),
                    frameSize.Y - (collisionOffset * 2));
            }
        }
    }
}

---

作為附錄，我強烈建議您轉到MonoGame。 XNA不再受支持（很久以前它已被Microsoft淘汰），MonoGame是開源實現。 並沒有太大的改變，但是您仍然需要使用XNA的內容管道（.XNB文件）。

如果要堅持使用XNA，請使用Platformer Starter Kit啟動項目。 您將更好地了解XNA的工作原理，因為您的體系結構很奇怪。