时间序列直方图

Question

Is it possible to create a time-series histogram like the one described in this presentation (slides 36-39) using either R or D3.js? Or is there a better way to show bucketed data as a time series?

Edit: Here is some pre-bucketed sample data . Ideally, D3 or R would do the bucketing by itself. And yes, if it wasn't clear, I understand that I could write this myself. I'm just wondering if there's already a package that does this and I just haven't come across it yet. Thanks!

Answer 1

Here's a version in D3, modeled after @bdemarest's answer using ggplot2:

This version uses tiled rect elements . If you have a large dataset, you might get better performance from a pixel-based heatmap .

If you want to compute the buckets using D3, you can use d3.nest to group the data by day and by value. There's also d3.layout.histogram , but since you presumably want uniformly-spaced bins and the same bins for every day, d3.nest should be sufficient.

One subtle consideration: I placed the tick marks on the scale in-between tiles so as to indicate visually how the values are binned. For example, the bottom-left bucket corresponds to all values between 800 and 900 on July 20 (where July 20 is the midnight-to-midnight interval); at least, that's what I assumed from looking at your data. This is slightly clearer than labeling the middle of the rect because it indicates that the values are floored rather than rounded.

Answer 2

Here is one possible solution using R and ggplot2.

Your data, ready to paste into R console:

dat = structure(list(date = structure(c(15541, 15541, 15541, 15541, 
    15541, 15541, 15541, 15541, 15541, 15541, 15541, 15541, 15541, 
    15541, 15541, 15541, 15541, 15542, 15542, 15542, 15542, 15542, 
    15542, 15542, 15542, 15542, 15542, 15542, 15542, 15542, 15542, 
    15542, 15543, 15543, 15543, 15543, 15543, 15543, 15543, 15543, 
    15543, 15543, 15543, 15543, 15543, 15543, 15543, 15543, 15543, 
    15543, 15543, 15544, 15544, 15544, 15544, 15544, 15544, 15544, 
    15544, 15544, 15544, 15544, 15544, 15544, 15544, 15544, 15544, 
    15544, 15544, 15544, 15544, 15544, 15545, 15545, 15545, 15545, 
    15545, 15545, 15545, 15545, 15545, 15545, 15545, 15545, 15545, 
    15545, 15545, 15545, 15545, 15546, 15546, 15546, 15546, 15546, 
    15546, 15546, 15546, 15546, 15546, 15546, 15546, 15546, 15546, 
    15546, 15546, 15546, 15547, 15547, 15547, 15547, 15547, 15547, 
    15547, 15547, 15547, 15547, 15547, 15547, 15547, 15547, 15547, 
    15547, 15547, 15547, 15547), class = "Date"), bucket = c(800L, 
    900L, 1000L, 1100L, 1200L, 1300L, 1400L, 1500L, 1600L, 1700L, 
    1800L, 1900L, 2000L, 2100L, 2200L, 2300L, 2400L, 800L, 900L, 
    1000L, 1100L, 1200L, 1300L, 1400L, 1500L, 1600L, 1700L, 1800L, 
    1900L, 2000L, 2100L, 2200L, 900L, 1000L, 1100L, 1200L, 1300L, 
    1400L, 1500L, 1600L, 1700L, 1800L, 1900L, 2000L, 2100L, 2200L, 
    2300L, 2400L, 2500L, 2600L, 2800L, 800L, 900L, 1000L, 1100L, 
    1200L, 1300L, 1400L, 1500L, 1600L, 1700L, 1800L, 1900L, 2000L, 
    2100L, 2200L, 2300L, 2400L, 2500L, 2600L, 2700L, 2800L, 800L, 
    900L, 1000L, 1100L, 1200L, 1300L, 1400L, 1500L, 1600L, 1700L, 
    1800L, 1900L, 2000L, 2100L, 2200L, 2300L, 2400L, 800L, 900L, 
    1000L, 1100L, 1200L, 1300L, 1400L, 1500L, 1600L, 1700L, 1800L, 
    1900L, 2000L, 2100L, 2200L, 2300L, 2400L, 1300L, 1400L, 1500L, 
    1600L, 1700L, 1800L, 1900L, 2000L, 2100L, 2200L, 2300L, 2400L, 
    2500L, 2600L, 2700L, 2800L, 2900L, 3000L, 3200L), cnt = c(119L, 
    123L, 173L, 226L, 284L, 257L, 268L, 244L, 191L, 204L, 187L, 177L, 
    164L, 125L, 140L, 109L, 103L, 123L, 165L, 237L, 278L, 338L, 306L, 
    316L, 269L, 271L, 241L, 188L, 174L, 158L, 153L, 132L, 154L, 241L, 
    246L, 300L, 305L, 301L, 292L, 253L, 251L, 214L, 189L, 179L, 159L, 
    161L, 144L, 139L, 132L, 136L, 105L, 120L, 156L, 209L, 267L, 299L, 
    316L, 318L, 307L, 295L, 273L, 283L, 229L, 192L, 193L, 170L, 164L, 
    154L, 138L, 101L, 115L, 103L, 105L, 156L, 220L, 255L, 308L, 338L, 
    318L, 255L, 278L, 260L, 235L, 230L, 185L, 145L, 147L, 157L, 109L, 
    104L, 191L, 201L, 238L, 223L, 229L, 286L, 256L, 240L, 233L, 202L, 
    180L, 184L, 161L, 125L, 110L, 101L, 132L, 117L, 124L, 154L, 167L, 
    137L, 169L, 175L, 168L, 188L, 137L, 173L, 164L, 167L, 115L, 116L, 
    118L, 125L, 104L)), .Names = c("date", "bucket", "cnt"), 
    class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -125L))

Plotting code:

library(ggplot2)

plot_1 = ggplot(dat, aes(x=date, y=bucket, fill=cnt)) +
         geom_tile() +
         scale_fill_continuous(low="#F7FBFF", high="#2171B5") +
         theme_bw()

ggsave("plot_1.png", plot_1, width=6, height=4)

The plot might look better if you include rows for zero bucket values in your data. Then you could change low="#F7FBFF" to low="white" .

Answer 3

Put your numbers in a matrix and use 'image(mat)'? That looks to be all it is. A grid. A raster. Or am I missing something?

There's also ways to do this with ggplot, raster, and probably others.