Is there any built-in or straightforward way to match paths recursively with double asterisk, eg like zsh does?
For example, with
path = 'foo/bar/ham/spam/eggs.py'
I can use fnmatch to test it with
fnmatch(path, 'foo/bar/ham/*/*.py'
Although, I would like to be able to do:
fnmatch(path, 'foo/**/*.py')
I know that fnmatchmaps its pattern to regex , so in the words case I can roll my own fnmatch with additional **
pattern, but maybe there is an easier way
If you look into fnmatch source code closely, it internally converts the pattern to a regular expression, mapping *
into .*
(and not [^/]*
or similar) and thus does not care anything for directory separators /
- unlike UNIX shells:
while i < n:
c = pat[i]
i = i+1
if c == '*':
res = res + '.*'
elif c == '?':
res = res + '.'
elif c == '[':
...
Thus
>>> fnmatch.fnmatch('a/b/d/c', 'a/*/c')
True
>>> fnmatch.fnmatch('a/b/d/c', 'a/*************c')
True
If you can live without using an os.walk loop, try:
I personally use glob2:
import glob2
files = glob2.glob(r'C:\Users\**\iTunes\**\*.mp4')
As of Python 3.5, the native glob module supports recursive pattern matching:
import glob
files = glob.iglob(r'C:\Users\**\iTunes\**\*.mp4', recursive=True)
For an fnmatch variant that works on paths, you can use a library called wcmatch which implements a globmatch
function that matches a path with the same logic that glob
crawls a filesystem with. You can control the enabled features with flags, in this case, we enable GLOBSTAR
(using **
for recursive directory search).
>>> from wcmatch import glob
>>> glob.globmatch('some/file/path/filename.txt', 'some/**/*.txt', flags=glob.GLOBSTAR)
True
This snippet adds compatibility for **
import re
from functools import lru_cache
from fnmatch import translate as fnmatch_translate
@lru_cache(maxsize=256, typed=True)
def _compile_fnmatch(pat):
# fixes fnmatch for recursive ** (for compatibilty with Path.glob)
pat = fnmatch_translate(pat)
pat = pat.replace('(?s:.*.*/', '(?s:(^|.*/)')
pat = pat.replace('/.*.*/', '.*/')
return re.compile(pat).match
def fnmatch(name, pat):
return _compile_fnmatch(str(pat))(str(name)) is not None
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