How to change some symbols (e.g. “space”) to other symbol in Bash/shell

Question

I have some output from

ps -ef | grep apache

I need to change all spaces in that output to '@' symbol Is it possible to use some bash script for this? Thanks

Answer 1

使用tr ：

ps -ef | grep apache | tr ' ' @

Answer 2

use tr :

$ echo 'foo bar baz' | tr ' ' '@'
foo@bar@baz

( documentation )

Answer 3

Basic sed command:

ps -ef | grep apache | sed 's/ /@/g'

sed 's/text/new text/g' looks for "text" and replaces it with "new text".

In case you want to replace more characters, for example replace all spaces and _ with @ : (thanks Adrian Frühwirth ):

ps -ef | grep apache | sed 's/[_ ]/@/g'

Answer 4

如果使用awk则可以跳过多余的grep ：

ps -ef | awk '/apache/{gsub(/ /,"@");print}'

Answer 5

If you want multiple space characters to be replaced with only one @ symbol, you can use -s flag with tr :

ps -ef | grep apache | tr -s ' ' '@'

or this sed solution:

ps -ef | grep apache | sed -r 's/ +/@/g'