This is my file.txt:
Egg and Bacon;
Egg, sausage and Bacon
Egg and Spam;
Spam Egg Sausage and Spam;
Egg, Bacon and Spam;
I wanna convert the newLine '\\n' to ' $ '. I just used:
f = open(fileName)
text = f.read()
text = text.replace('\n',' $ ')
print(text)
This is my output:
$ Spam Egg Sausage and Spam;
and my output must be like:
Egg and Bacon; $ Egg, sausage and Bacon $ Egg ...
What am I doing wrong? I'm using #-*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
Thank you.
It is possible that your newlines are represented as \\r\\n
. In order to replace them you should do:
text.replace('\r\n', ' $ ')
For a portable solution that works on both UNIX-like systems (which uses \\n
) and Windows (which uses \\r\\n
), you can substitute the text using a regex:
>>> import re
>>> re.sub('\r?\n', ' $ ', 'a\r\nb\r\nc')
'a $ b $ c'
>>> re.sub('\r?\n', ' $ ', 'a\nb\nc')
'a $ b $ c'
You can use splitlines.
lines = """Egg and Bacon;
Egg, sausage and Bacon
Egg and Spam;
Spam Egg Sausage and Spam;
Egg, Bacon and Spam;"""
print(" $ ".join(lines.splitlines()))
Egg and Bacon; $ Egg, sausage and Bacon $ Egg and Spam; $ Spam Egg Sausage and Spam; $ Egg, Bacon and Spam;
Or simply use rstrip and join on the file object without reading all into memory:
with open("in.txt") as f:
print(" $ ".join(line.rstrip() for line in f))
Egg and Bacon; $ Egg, sausage and Bacon $ Egg and Spam; $ Spam Egg Sausage and Spam; $ Egg, Bacon and Spam;
Which is a much more efficient solution than reading all the file into memory and using a regex. You should also always use with
to open your files as it closes them automatically.
rstrip will remove \\n
\\r\\n
etc..
In [41]: s = "foo\r\n"
In [42]: s.rstrip()
Out[42]: 'foo'
In [43]: s = "foo\n"
In [44]: s.rstrip()
Out[44]: 'foo'
text = text.replace('\\n', '')
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