I have a C++ method findID
that uses templates, and I want to be able to run a condition in this method based on the input type. The template parameter U
will either be of type int or type string. I want to run a different condition based on the type of ID.
The code I have is follows:
template <typename S>
template <typename U>
S * findID(U ID){
for (typename vector<S*>::collectionsIter element = collection.begin() ; element != collection.end(); ++element)
if((*element)->getID() == ID) return *element;
return NULL;
}
I want my code to do the following:
template <typename S>
template <typename U>
S * findID(U ID){
***if ID is an int:
for (typename vector<S*>::collectionsIter element = collection.begin() ; element != collection.end(); ++element)
if((*element)->getID() == ID) return *element;
***if ID is a string:
for (typename vector<S*>::collectionsIter element = collection.begin() ; element != collection.end(); ++element)
if((*element)->getStringID() == ID) return *element;
***else
return NULL;
}
The reason that I want to do this is because I want to be able to compare string variables of ID to the string method of getStringID(), and the int variables of ID to the int method of getID(). In addition I do not want to break these up into separate methods, so I am trying to use templates and these conditions to refactor it into 1 method.
Just use 2 overloads:
template <typename S>
S* findID(int ID){
for (auto* element : collection)
if (element->getID() == ID) return element;
return nullptr;
}
template <typename S>
S* findID(const std::string& ID){
for (auto* element : collection)
if (element->getStringID() == ID) return element;
return nullptr;
}
Here's one way to do it using C++17 if constexpr
:
struct Foo {
int id;
std::string stringId;
int getId() const { return id; }
const std::string& getStringId() const { return stringId; }
};
template <typename Cont, typename T>
auto findId(const Cont& c, const T& id) {
const auto pred = [&id](const auto& x) {
if constexpr (std::is_convertible_v<T, std::string>)
return x.getStringId() == id;
else if constexpr (std::is_convertible_v<T, int>)
return x.getId() == id;
else
static_assert(false, "Unsupported id type.");
return false;
};
const auto findIt = std::find_if(begin(c), end(c), pred);
return findIt == end(c) ? nullptr : &(*findIt);
}
int main() {
using namespace std;
vector<Foo> foos{{1, "1"}, {2, "2"}, {3, "3"}};
auto foo2Int = findId(foos, 2);
auto foo2String = findId(foos, "2"s);
cout << foo2Int->id << ", " << foo2String->stringId << '\n';
}
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