As an exercise, I am trying to create a TicTacToe game in Visual Studio as a console application. First, I created the 3x3 grid with a multidimensional array. I thought an intuitive way to "write" an 'X' or an 'O' in a particular square of the grid would be by having the player input a number 1-9 and that number would map to a particular square. Below is how the numbers would be correspond to the spots in the grid:
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
Thus, I used std::multimap to map the player input to a square in the grid to practice using maps and multimaps. Since I am new to std::multimap I guess I messed up somewhere: there is no error, the game compiles, but the input does not seem to be mapping correctly to the right square.
I do not know how to fix the bug because I am unfamiliar with maps and multimaps.
*If someone could tell me how to fix the problem using the mapping method I have chosen that would be great!
*I'm also welcoming other and better ideas as to how to approach mapping player input to specific squares!
Sorry for the long code; I don't think I could cut anything more. Thanks for taking the time!
#include <iostream>
#include <map>
using namespace std;
class TTTClass
{
private:
static const int GRID_LENGTH = 3;
char Grid[GRID_LENGTH][GRID_LENGTH] = {' '};
int POInput;
int PXInput;
bool IsInputValid = false;
public:
TTTClass()
{
POInput = 1;
PXInput = 1;
}
void EmptyGrid()
{
for (int RowCounter = 0; RowCounter < GRID_LENGTH; RowCounter++)
{
for (int ColumnCounter = 0; ColumnCounter < GRID_LENGTH; ColumnCounter++)
{
Grid[RowCounter][ColumnCounter] = ' ';
}
}
}
void DisplayGrid()
{
for (int RowCounter = 0; RowCounter < GRID_LENGTH; RowCounter++)
{
std::cout << " ";
for (int ColumnCounter = 0; ColumnCounter < GRID_LENGTH; ColumnCounter++)
{
std::cout << Grid[RowCounter][ColumnCounter];
if (ColumnCounter != GRID_LENGTH - 1) {std::cout << " | ";}
}
if (RowCounter != GRID_LENGTH - 1)
{
std::cout << "\n __|___|__ \n | |\n";
}
}
std::cout << "\n\n";
}
void POTurn()
{
std::multimap<int, int> Gridmm;
Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(1, 0)); Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(1, 0));
Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(2, 0)); Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(2, 1));
Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(3, 0)); Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(3, 2));
Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(4, 1)); Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(4, 0));
Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(5, 1)); Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(5, 1));
Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(6, 1)); Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(6, 2));
Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(7, 2)); Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(7, 0));
Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(8, 2)); Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(8, 1));
Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(9, 2)); Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(9, 2));
do
{
std::cout << "PlayerO, select a square: ";
std::cin >> POInput;
if (POInput < 1 || POInput > 9)
IsInputValid = false;
else
{
std::pair<std::multimap<int, int>::iterator, std::multimap<int, int>::iterator> RepeaterIterator;
RepeaterIterator = Gridmm.equal_range(POInput);
std::multimap<int, int>::iterator itr1 = RepeaterIterator.first;
std::multimap<int, int>::iterator itr2 = RepeaterIterator.second;
Grid[itr1->second][itr2->second] = 'O';
std::cout << "Value at square " << POInput << "/ Coord. " << itr1->second << ", " << itr2->second;
std::cout << " is: " << Grid[itr1->second][itr2->second] << "\n";
IsInputValid = true;
}
} while (IsInputValid == false);
}
void PXTurn()
{
std::multimap<int, int> Gridmm;
Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(1, 0)); Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(1, 0));
Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(2, 0)); Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(2, 1));
Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(3, 0)); Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(3, 2));
Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(4, 1)); Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(4, 0));
Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(5, 1)); Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(5, 1));
Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(6, 1)); Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(6, 2));
Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(7, 2)); Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(7, 0));
Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(8, 2)); Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(8, 1));
Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(9, 2)); Gridmm.insert(std::make_pair(9, 2));
do
{
std::cout << "PlayerX, select a square: ";
std::cin >> PXInput;
if (PXInput < 1 || PXInput > 9)
IsInputValid = false;
else
{
std::pair<std::multimap<int, int>::iterator, std::multimap<int, int>::iterator> RepeaterIterator;
RepeaterIterator = Gridmm.equal_range(PXInput);
std::multimap<int, int>::iterator itr1 = RepeaterIterator.first;
std::multimap<int, int>::iterator itr2 = RepeaterIterator.second;
Grid[itr1->second][itr2->second] = 'X';
std::cout << "Value at square " << POInput << "/ Coord. " << itr1->second << ", " << itr2->second;
std::cout << " is: " << Grid[itr1->second][itr2->second] << "\n";
IsInputValid = true;
}
} while (IsInputValid == false);
}
};
int main()
{
TTTClass MyGame;
MyGame.EmptyGrid();
MyGame.DisplayGrid();
MyGame.PXTurn();
MyGame.DisplayGrid();
MyGame.POTurn();
MyGame.DisplayGrid();
return 0;
}
BTW, I know the game only runs through two turns, but problem shows up regardless.
(Too long for a comment and, may be, actually an answer.)
I believe, OP missed the point that the required mapping is int
→ int
× int
.
Either the value type has to be eg std::pair<int, int>
or there are two mappings needed – one to map input to rows and one to map input to columns.
However, there is a very simple linear relation between input index and grid coordinates:
1 -> 0, 0 | 2 -> 0, 1 | 3 -> 0, 2
----------+-----------+----------
4 -> 1, 0 | 5 -> 1, 1 | 6 -> 1, 2
----------+-----------+----------
7 -> 2, 0 | 8 -> 2, 1 | 9 -> 2, 2
Ie for input int i
: int col = (i - 1) % 3, row = (i - 1) / 3;
.
This aside: If OP really wants to use a map, then std::map<int, std::pair<int, int> >
makes more sense than multimap.
A std::map
is a sorted associative container that contains key-value pairs with unique keys. (which you have). Each input index maps to exactly one grid cell and there are no duplicated keys.
It is irrelevant that the value is a pair of int
s. It can be rather any object with a minimal requirement of properties:
A std::multimap
is an associative container that contains a sorted list of key-value pairs, while permitting multiple entries with the same key. (which you don't need as your keys are unique).
in OPs code:
std::cin >> i;
if (i >= 1 && i <= 9) {
Grid[/* row: */(i - 1) / 3, /* col: */(i - 1) % 3] = mark;
} else {
// harass user
}
Thereby, char mark
could have 'X'
or 'O'
to consider the hint of PaulMcKenzie about code duplication.
但是我怎样才能创建整数和整数对的多重映射??非常感谢 Cpp 解决方案
The technical post webpages of this site follow the CC BY-SA 4.0 protocol. If you need to reprint, please indicate the site URL or the original address.Any question please contact:yoyou2525@163.com.